开发环境-Pyenv
python多版本管理工具
管理python解释器
管理python版本
管理python的虚拟环境
pyenv安装
#yum -y install git
安装python编译依赖
#yum -y install gcc make patch gdbm-devel openssl-devel sqlite-devel readine-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel
创建python用户(也可以直接用root用户下载)
#useradd python
#su - python
安装pyenv,下载的pyenv-installer是一个shell脚本
$curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e
[ -n "$PYENV_DEBUG" ] && set -x
if [ -z "$PYENV_ROOT" ]; then
export PYENV_ROOT="${HOME}/.pyenv"
fi
colorize() {
if [ -t 1 ]; then printf "\e[%sm%s\e[m" "$1" "$2"
else echo -n "$2"
fi
}
# Checks for `.pyenv` file, and suggests to remove it for installing
if [ -d "${PYENV_ROOT}" ]; then
{ echo
colorize 1 "WARNING"
echo ": Can not proceed with installation. Kindly remove the '${PYENV_ROOT}' directory first."
echo
} >&2
exit 1
fi
failed_checkout() {
echo "Failed to git clone $1"
exit -1
}
checkout() {
[ -d "$2" ] || git clone --depth 1 "$1" "$2" || failed_checkout "$1"
}
if ! command -v git 1>/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "pyenv: Git is not installed, can't continue." >&2
exit 1
fi
if [ -n "${USE_GIT_URI}" ]; then
GITHUB="git://github.com"
else
GITHUB="https://github.com"
fi
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-doctor.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-doctor"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-installer.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-installer"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-update.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-update"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-virtualenv.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv"
checkout "${GITHUB}/pyenv/pyenv-which-ext.git" "${PYENV_ROOT}/plugins/pyenv-which-ext"
if ! command -v pyenv 1>/dev/null; then
{ echo
colorize 1 "WARNING"
echo ": seems you still have not added 'pyenv' to the load path."
echo
} >&2
{ # Without args, `init` commands print installation help
"${PYENV_ROOT}/bin/pyenv" init || true
"${PYENV_ROOT}/bin/pyenv" virtualenv-init || true
} >&2
fi
在~/.bashrc的文件中添加
export PATH="/home/python/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
需要重新登录(加载文件)
pyenvsh使用
$pyenv install -l
$pyenv install 3.5.3 -v
$python -V
显示当前版本
$pyenv version
查看当前版本
$pyenv versions
查看系统可以版本
Virtualenv虚拟环境
因为之前使用的python环境是公共的空间,如果多个项目使用不同python版本,会带来冲突,最好的解决办法就是每一个项目独立运行自己的独立小环境
(/home/python/.pyenv/versions/3.5.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages在大环境下,开发中所有的包都会放到这个目录中;
虚拟环境下安在这个目录/home/python/.pyenv/versions/3.5.5/envs/pikachu355/lib/python3.5/site-packages)
$pyenv virtualenv 3.5.3 pikachu353(起个新名字)
创建python3.5.3的独立运行的目录
$mkdir python
$cd python
$pyenv local pikachu353
pip通用配置
pip是python的包管理工具,3.x版本自带,和yum一样为了使用国内镜像配置如下
$mkdri ~/.pip
$vim ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url=Simple Index
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
$pip help install
$pip install ipython
pip升级
$pip install --upgrade pip
$pip install jupyter
安装可视化界面
$jupyter notebook --help
查看选项
$jupyter notebook password
设置密码
$jupyter notebook --ip=0.0.0.0
设置ip
导出包(在虚拟环境下)
$pip list
$pip freeze > requirement(名字自定义)
导入:
$pip install -r ../requirement