javaweb-11：ServletContext应用

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-30 17:00:16 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-10-30 17:00:16 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb复习文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Prince140678/article/details/120560741

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2、获取初始化参数

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">
    <!--    配置一些web应用的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getp</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getp</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getp</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
</web-app>

ServletDemo03.java

package com.gongyi.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String url = context.getInitParameter("url");
        resp.getWriter().println(url);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

3、请求转发

ServletDemo04.java

package com.gongyi.servlet;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo04 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        System.out.println("进入了ServletDemo04");
        //RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp");//转发的请求路径
        //requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);//调用forward实现请求转发
        context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp").forward(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">
    <!--    配置一些web应用的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getp</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getp</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getp</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ServletDemo04</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/sd4</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
</web-app>

转发与重定向图解

$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-QAS6L3FJ-1632965617392)(D:\学习笔记\javaweb\javaweb-11：ServletContext应用.assets\image-20210930085928407.png)]$

4、读取资源文件

Properties

在resources目录下新建properties（解决资源文件未打包到目标路径问题）

在pom.xml中添加如下

<build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

发现：都被打包到了同一个路径下：classes，我们俗称这个路径为classpath

思路：需要一个文件流

db.properties

username=root
password=123456

ServletDemo05.java

package com.gongyi.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ServletDemo05 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
        //InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/com/gongyi/servlet/db.properties");
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.load(is);
        String username = prop.getProperty("username");
        String password = prop.getProperty("password");
        resp.getWriter().print(username + ":" + password);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">
    <!--    配置一些web应用的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getp</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getp</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getp</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ServletDemo04</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/sd4</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sd5</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ServletDemo05</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sd5</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/sd5</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
</web-app>

访问测试即可

彩蛋

1，在maven web中，classpath包含类文件和资源文件

2.maven web打包后，观察target目录结构

$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-wVrV20AV-1632965617394)(D:\学习笔记\javaweb\javaweb-11：ServletContext应用.assets\image-20210930093319320.png)]$

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javaweb-11：ServletContext应用

2、获取初始化参数web.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
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