javaweb-24：过滤器Filter

11、Filter（重点）

Filter：过滤器，用来过滤网站的数据

• 处理中文乱码
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Filter开发步骤：

1.导包

2.编写过滤器

1.导包不要错

​ 2.实现Filter接口，重写对应的方法即可

​ 3.在web.xml中配置Filter

代码show

ShowServlet.java

package com.gongyi.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;


public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().write("你好呀，世界！");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

CharacterEncodingFilter.java

package com.gongyi.filter;


import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    //初始化：web服务器启动，就已经初始化了，随时等待过滤对象出现
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
    }

    //Chain:链

    /**
     * 1.过滤中的所有代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会被执行
     * 2.必须要让过滤器继续通行
     *  chain.doFilter(request,response);

     */
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前...");
        chain.doFilter(request,response);//让我们的请求继续走，如果不写，程序到这里会被拦截停止
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后...");
    }

    //销毁：web服务器关闭的时候，过滤器会销毁
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.gongyi.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <!--只要是/servlet的任何请求，会经过这个过滤器-->
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
        <!--<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>-->
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

彩蛋

1.idea tomcat console中文乱码

在vm 参数中添加：

-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 

重启即可

参考链接