Linux-0.01 引导代码分析－boot.s

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-07 07:28:43 发布

Proteas

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-07 07:28:43 发布

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文章标签：代码分析 system makefile keyboard 磁盘 byte

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Proteas/article/details/5961675

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这篇博客探讨了Linux-0.01的引导过程，重点分析了boot.s和head.s两个关键源代码。boot.s由BIOS加载执行，而head.s作为32位引导代码，最终调用main()启动系统。内容涉及到保护模式的段寄存器、选择子结构以及GDT中的描述符。

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Linux-0.01 的引导部分主要由两个源代码完成：boot.s 与 head.s 。boot.s 由 BIOS 加载执行，head.s 是 32 位的引导代码，在最后会调用 main() 函数，完成系统的引导。

boot.s 代码：

;
;	boot.s
;
; boot.s is loaded at 0x7c00 by the bios-startup routines, and moves itself
; out of the way to address 0x90000, and jumps there.
;
; It then loads the system at 0x10000, using BIOS interrupts. Thereafter
; it disables all interrupts, moves the system down to 0x0000, changes
; to protected mode, and calls the start of system. System then must
; RE-initialize the protected mode in it's own tables, and enable
; interrupts as needed.
;
; NOTE! currently system is at most 8*65536 bytes long. This should be no
; problem, even in the future. I want to keep it simple. This 512 kB
; kernel size should be enough - in fact more would mean we'd have to move
; not just these start-up routines, but also do something about the cache-
; memory (block IO devices). The area left over in the lower 640 kB is meant
; for these. No other memory is assumed to be "physical", ie all memory
; over 1Mb is demand-paging. All addresses under 1Mb are guaranteed to match
; their physical addresses.
;
; NOTE1 abouve is no longer valid in it's entirety. cache-memory is allocated
; above the 1Mb mark as well as below. Otherwise it is mainly correct.
;
; NOTE 2! The boot disk type must be set at compile-time, by setting
; the following equ. Having the boot-up procedure hunt for the right
; disk type is severe brain-damage.
; The loader has been made as simple as possible (had to, to get it
; in 512 bytes with the code to move to protected mode), and continuos
; read errors will result in a unbreakable loop. Reboot by hand. It
; loads pretty fast by getting whole sectors at a time whenever possible.

; 1.44Mb disks:
sectors = 18
; 1.2Mb disks:
; sectors = 15
; 720kB disks:
; sectors = 9

.globl begtext, begdata, begbss, endtext, enddata, endbss
.text
begtext:
.data
begdata:
.bss
begbss:
.text

BOOTSEG = 0x07c0;引导程序被加载到的地址
INITSEG = 0x9000;引导程序将自己移动到的目标地址
SYSSEG  = 0x1000;系统核心被加载到的地址
ENDSEG	= SYSSEG + SYSSIZE;系统代码的结束地址，其中 SYSSIZE 在 Makefile 中定义

entry start;程序入口标识
start:
	mov	ax,#BOOTSEG;将引导程序被加载的地址移动到 AX 中
	mov	ds,ax;将数据段的基址设置为引导程序的起始地址
	mov	ax,#INITSEG;将上文提到的目标地址设置到 AX 中
	mov	es,ax;将 AX 中的值设置到 ES 中，使用基址加偏移的方式移动地址
	mov	cx,#256;将 CX 计数器的值设置为 256
	sub	si,si;清空 SI
	sub	di,di;清空 DI
	rep;重复执行 movw 256 次，实际上是将 512K 的数据（引导程序自身）搬移到INITSEG 处
	movw;搬移指令，数据寻址方式，源：DS:SI,目标：ES:DI
	jmpi	go,INITSEG;jmpi 段间跳转指令，由于当前代码已经被复制到 INITSEG ，在不同的段。64K 一