Centos7安装mysql8
记录安装及配置过程，以方便下次的安装。
开始安装
1．配置Mysql 8.0安装源
sudo rpm -Uvh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
1．配置Mysql 8.0安装源
sudo yum --enablerepo=mysql80-community install mysql-community-server
然后根据相应的提示，输入Y即可
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/9
Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 2/9
Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 3/9
Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 4/9
Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 5/9
Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 6/9
Updating : 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 7/9
Cleanup : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 8/9
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64 9/9
Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 1/9
Verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 2/9
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 3/9
Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 4/9
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 5/9
Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 6/9
Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 7/9
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64 8/9
Verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 9/9
Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.21-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.21-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.21-1.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.21-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.21-1.el7 net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7
Dependency Updated:
postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-9.el7
Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.64-1.el7
Complete!
安装完成！
启动
1．启动mysql服务
systemctl start mysqld
2．查看mysql服务运行状态
[root@localhost docker]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-08-08 21:21:43 CST; 59s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 2855 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2933 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 39
Memory: 279.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─2933 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Aug 08 21:21:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Aug 08 21:21:43 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
3．查看root临时密码
输入如下命令，查看安装mysql生成的临时密码
[root@localhost docker]# grep "A temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-08-08T13:21:36.082946Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: SGwgpYSy5v?r
SGwgpYSy5v?r就是默认初始密码
4．登录
[root@localhost docker]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: #输入查询出来额默认密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.21
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
5．修改密码
alter user user() identified by "123456";
会出现：ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements。
但是当你执行：SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘validate_password.%’;语句查看password的相关规则时，ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.，意思就是你必须先修改密码才可以执行别的命令
所以我们先设置一个复杂密码，例如之前查到的默认密码
alter user user() identified by "SGwgpYSy5v?r";
现在可以查看并修改password的规则了
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password.%' #查询规则
-> ;
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 8 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.03 sec)
#开始修改默认的password规则
mysql> set global validate_password.length=6; #密码的最小长度默认是8，改成6
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0; #验证密码的复杂程度改成0
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.check_user_name=off; #用户名检查关掉
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user user() identified by "123456"; #这下再修改成简单密码就可以了
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
6．开启远程访问
先选择mysql表
mysql> use mysql
Database changed
查询root的访问权限，通过查询可以看出root的访问只允许 localhost；
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| localhost | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
修改权限，并查看是否成功
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
#修改成功，localhost变成%
注意，必须执行以下命令，否则不无法成功
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
7．开启mysql端口号
[root@localhost tmac]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost tmac]# firewall-cmd --reload #重新加载防火墙
success
全部完成可以使用可视化工具远程登录mysql了
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