Help on function plot in module matplotlib.pyplot:
plot(*args, scalex=True, scaley=True, data=None, **kwargs)
Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers.
Call signatures::
plot([x], y, [fmt], *, data=None, **kwargs)
plot([x], y, [fmt], [x2], y2, [fmt2], ..., **kwargs)
The coordinates of the points or line nodes are given by *x*, *y*.
The optional parameter *fmt* is a convenient way for defining basic
formatting like color, marker and linestyle. It's a shortcut string
notation described in the *Notes* section below.
>>> plot(x, y) # plot x and y using default line style and color
>>> plot(x, y, 'bo') # plot x and y using blue circle markers
>>> plot(y) # plot y using x as index array 0..N-1
>>> plot(y, 'r+') # ditto, but with red plusses
You can use `.Line2D` properties as keyword arguments for more
control on the appearance. Line properties and *fmt* can be mixed.
The following two calls yield identical results:
>>> plot(x, y, 'go--', linewidth=2, markersize=12)
>>> plot(x, y, color='green', marker='o', linestyle='dashed',
... linewidth=2, markersize=12)
When conflicting with *fmt*, keyword arguments take precedence.
**Plotting labelled data**
There's a convenient way for plotting objects with labelled data (i.e.
data that can be accessed by index ``obj['y']``). Instead of giving
the data in *x* and *y*, you can provide the object in the *data*
parameter and just give the labels for *x* and *y*::
>>> plot('xlabel', 'ylabel', data=obj)
All indexable objects are supported. This could e.g. be a `dict`, a
`pandas.DataFrame` or a structured numpy array.
**Plotting multiple sets of data**
There are various ways to plot multiple sets of data.
- The most straight forward way is just to call `plot` multiple times.
Example:
>>> plot(x1, y1, 'bo')
>>> plot(x2, y2, 'go')
- Alternatively, if your data is already a 2d array, you can pass it
directly to *x*, *y*. A separate data set will be drawn for every
column.
Example: an array ``a`` where the first column represents the *x*
values and the other columns are the *y* columns::
>>> plot(a[0], a[1:])
- The third way is to specify multiple sets of *[x]*, *y*, *[fmt]*
groups::
>>> plot(x1, y1, 'g^', x2, y2, 'g-')
In this case, any additional keyword argument applies to all
datasets. Also this syntax cannot be combined with the *data*
parameter.
By default, each line is assigned a different style specified by a
'style cycle'. The *fmt* and line property parameters are only
necessary if you want explicit deviations from these defaults.
Alternatively, you can also change the style cycle using
:rc:`axes.prop_cycle`.
Parameters
----------
x, y : array-like or scalar
The horizontal / vertical coordinates of the data points.
*x* values are optional and default to ``range(len(y))``.
Commonly, these parameters are 1D arrays.
They can also be scalars, or two-dimensional (in that case, the
columns represent separate data sets).
These arguments cannot be passed as keywords.
fmt : str, optional
A format string, e.g. 'ro' for red circles. See the *Notes*
section for a full description of the format strings.
Format strings are just an abbreviation for quickly setting
basic line properties. All of these and more can also be
controlled by keyword arguments.
This argument cannot be passed as keyword.
data : indexable object, optional
An object with labelled data. If given, provide the label names to
plot in *x* and *y*.
.. note::
Technically there's a slight ambiguity in calls where the
second label is a valid *fmt*. ``plot('n', 'o', data=obj)``
could be ``plt(x, y)`` or ``plt(y, fmt)``. In such cases,
the former interpretation is chosen, but a warning is issued.
You may suppress the warning by adding an empty format string
``plot('n', 'o', '', data=obj)``.
Returns
-------
list of `.Line2D`
A list of lines representing the plotted data.
Other Parameters
----------------
scalex, scaley : bool, default: True
These parameters determine if the view limits are adapted to the
data limits. The values are passed on to `autoscale_view`.
**kwargs : `.Line2D` properties, optional
*kwargs* are used to specify properties like a line label (for
auto legends), linewidth, antialiasing, marker face color.
Example::
>>> plot([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], 'go-', label='line 1', linewidth=2)
>>> plot([1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 9], 'rs', label='line 2')
If you make multiple lines with one plot call, the kwargs
apply to all those lines.
Here is a list of available `.Line2D` properties:
Properties:
agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
alpha: float or None
animated: bool
antialiased or aa: bool
clip_box: `.Bbox`
clip_on: bool
clip_path: Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
color or c: color
contains: unknown
dash_capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
dash_joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
dashes: sequence of floats (on/off ink in points) or (None, None)
data: (2, N) array or two 1D arrays
drawstyle or ds: {'default', 'steps', 'steps-pre', 'steps-mid', 'steps-post'}, default: 'default'
figure: `.Figure`
fillstyle: {'full', 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top', 'none'}
gid: str
in_layout: bool
label: object
linestyle or ls: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
linewidth or lw: float
marker: marker style string, `~.path.Path` or `~.markers.MarkerStyle`
markeredgecolor or mec: color
markeredgewidth or mew: float
markerfacecolor or mfc: color
markerfacecoloralt or mfcalt: color
markersize or ms: float
markevery: None or int or (int, int) or slice or List[int] or float or (float, float) or List[bool]
path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
picker: unknown
pickradius: float
rasterized: bool or None
sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snap: bool or None
solid_capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
solid_joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
transform: `matplotlib.transforms.Transform`
url: str
visible: bool
xdata: 1D array
ydata: 1D array
zorder: float
See Also
--------
scatter : XY scatter plot with markers of varying size and/or color (
sometimes also called bubble chart).
Notes
-----
**Format Strings**
A format string consists of a part for color, marker and line::
fmt = '[marker][line][color]'
Each of them is optional. If not provided, the value from the style
cycle is used. Exception: If ``line`` is given, but no ``marker``,
the data will be a line without markers.
Other combinations such as ``[color][marker][line]`` are also
supported, but note that their parsing may be ambiguous.
**Markers**
============= ===============================
character description
============= ===============================
``'.'`` point marker
``','`` pixel marker
``'o'`` circle marker
``'v'`` triangle_down marker
``'^'`` triangle_up marker
``'<'`` triangle_left marker
``'>'`` triangle_right marker
``'1'`` tri_down marker
``'2'`` tri_up marker
``'3'`` tri_left marker
``'4'`` tri_right marker
``'s'`` square marker
``'p'`` pentagon marker
``'*'`` star marker
``'h'`` hexagon1 marker
``'H'`` hexagon2 marker
``'+'`` plus marker
``'x'`` x marker
``'D'`` diamond marker
``'d'`` thin_diamond marker
``'|'`` vline marker
``'_'`` hline marker
============= ===============================
**Line Styles**
============= ===============================
character description
============= ===============================
``'-'`` solid line style
``'--'`` dashed line style
``'-.'`` dash-dot line style
``':'`` dotted line style
============= ===============================
Example format strings::
'b' # blue markers with default shape
'or' # red circles
'-g' # green solid line
'--' # dashed line with default color
'^k:' # black triangle_up markers connected by a dotted line
**Colors**
The supported color abbreviations are the single letter codes
============= ===============================
character color
============= ===============================
``'b'`` blue
``'g'`` green
``'r'`` red
``'c'`` cyan
``'m'`` magenta
``'y'`` yellow
``'k'`` black
``'w'`` white
============= ===============================
and the ``'CN'`` colors that index into the default property cycle.
If the color is the only part of the format string, you can
additionally use any `matplotlib.colors` spec, e.g. full names
(``'green'``) or hex strings (``'#008000'``).
x =range(10)
y =range(10)
plt.plot(x, y, marker='.', markerfacecolor='#984B4B',
markeredgecolor='#AFAF61', markersize=30)# markeredgecolor线条颜色 、 markerfacecolor圆点颜色
plt.show()
plt.plot(x, y, marker='v')
plt.show()
plt.plot(x, y, linestyle='--')
plt.show()
plt.plot(x, y, linestyle=':')
plt.show()
plt.plot(x, y, linestyle=':', color='r')
plt.show()
x =range(10)
y =range(10)
plt.plot(x, y, marker='d', markerfacecolor='#8CEA00',markersize=20)
plt.text(2,2,'abcd')# 指定位置标记
plt.grid(alpha=0.7)
plt.show()
x =range(10)
y =range(10)
plt.plot(x, y, marker='d', markerfacecolor='#8CEA00',markersize=20)
plt.annotate('ABCD',xy=(4,4),xytext=(7,4),
arrowprops=dict(facecolor='red', shrink=0.1,headlength=20,headwidth=10))
plt.grid(alpha=0.7)
plt.show()
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