Java RSA非对称加密工具类（就这一篇就够了）

RSA作为HTTPS协议中最为核心的加密/解密算法，其原理却很简单，很容易理解。RSA的密钥越长，就越难破解。目前被破解的最长RSA密钥是768位二进制。也就是说，长度超过768位的密钥，还无法破解（至少没有人公开宣布）。因此可以认为，1024位的RSA密钥基本安全，2048位的密钥及其安全。

package org.collect.test.rsa;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;

public class RSAUtil {

    /**
     * 获取RSA公私钥匙对
     */
    private static KeyPair getKeyPair() throws Exception {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048); //512、1024、2048
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        return keyPair;
    }


    /**
     * 获取公钥(base64编码)
     */
    private static String getPublicKey(KeyPair keyPair) {
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        byte[] bytes = publicKey.getEncoded();
        return Base64Tool.byteToBase64(bytes);
    }


    /**
     * 获取私钥(Base64编码)
     */
    private static String getPrivateKey(KeyPair keyPair) {
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
        byte[] bytes = privateKey.getEncoded();
        return Base64Tool.byteToBase64(bytes);
    }


    public static String[] genKeyPair() throws Exception {
        KeyPair keyPair = getKeyPair();
        String[] keyPairArr = new String[2];
        keyPairArr[0] = getPublicKey(keyPair);
        keyPairArr[1] = getPrivateKey(keyPair);
        return keyPairArr;
    }


    /**
     * 将Base64编码后的公钥转换成PublicKey对象
     */
    public static PublicKey string2PublicKey(String pubStr) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Tool.base64ToByte(pubStr);
        X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        return publicKey;
    }

    /**
     * 将Base64编码后的私钥转换成PrivateKey对象
     */
    public static PrivateKey string2PrivateKey(String priStr) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Tool.base64ToByte(priStr);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
        return privateKey;
    }

    /**
     * 公钥加密
     */
    public static String publicEncrypt(String content, String publicKey) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, RSAUtil.string2PublicKey(publicKey));
        byte[] byteEncrypt = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
        String msg = Base64Tool.byteToBase64(byteEncrypt);
        return msg;
    }

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     */
    public static String privateDecrypt(String contentBase64, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, RSAUtil.string2PrivateKey(privateKey));
        byte[] bytesDecrypt = cipher.doFinal(Base64Tool.base64ToByte(contentBase64));
        String msg = new String(bytesDecrypt, "utf-8");
        return msg;
    }


}

package org.collect.test.rsa;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Base64Tool {

    /**
     * 字节数组转Base64编码
     */
    public static String byteToBase64(byte[] bytes) {
        BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
//        return encoder.encode(bytes);
        return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(bytes));
    }


    /**
     * Base64编码转字节数组
     */
    public static byte[] base64ToByte(String base64Key) throws IOException {
        BASE64Decoder base64Decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
//        return base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(base64Key);
        return Base64.decodeBase64(base64Key);
    }



}

package org.collect.test.rsa;


public class TestRSA {



    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
        String[] keyPairArr = RSAUtil.genKeyPair();
        System.out.println("公钥: " + keyPairArr[0]);
        System.out.println();

        //
        System.out.println("私钥: " + keyPairArr[1]);
        System.out.println();

        //
        String string = "勇敢行sfsdf3择发生的方式5345353@#￥%……&*（）：“《》？@#$%^&()<>?:";

        String msg = RSAUtil.publicEncrypt(string, keyPairArr[0]);
        System.out.println("加密后内容: " + msg);
        System.out.println();

        //
        String mms = RSAUtil.privateDecrypt(msg, keyPairArr[1]);
        System.out.println("解密后内容: " + mms);
        System.out.println();
    }


}