ensp DHCP snooping

本文通过实验展示了如何使用DHCP Snooping防止非法设备获取IP,并确保客户端只从授权路由器AR1获取地址。介绍了DHCP Snooping作为网络安全技术的作用,以及它如何验证和过滤DHCP流量,保护网络不受恶意服务器攻击。
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目录

实验拓扑

实验现象

实验目标

实验结果

实验命令​编辑


实验现象:

 实验目标:
AR2是非法设备,两台路由器都开启了DHCP服务,要求只能获取AR1路由器的ip地址。

实验用的协议:

DHCP snooping:DHCP snooping是一种网络安全技术,用于防止恶意DHCP服务器攻击和未经授权的DHCP分配。通过在网络交换机上启用DHCP snooping功能,交换机可以对DHCP流量进行监视和验证,以确保只有授权的DHCP服务器可以分配IP地址给客户端设备。
DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)是一种网络协议,用于在网络中自动分配IP地址和其他配置信息给客户端设备。然而,恶意的DHCP服务器可以导致网络中的设备被分配到错误的IP地址,从而导致网络故障或安全漏洞。
DHCP snooping通过检查网络中的DHCP流量,维护一个“安全的”DHCP服务器列表,并且只允许来自这些服务器的DHCP响应通过。此外,DHCP snooping还会验证客户端请求和响应的完整

解决IP地址冲突的完美方法--DHCP SNOOPING 使用的方法是采用DHCP方式为用户分配IP,然后限定这些用户只能使用动态IP的方式,如果改成静态IP的方式则不能连接上网络;也就是使用了DHCP SNOOPING功能。 例子: version 12.1 no service pad service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption service compress-config ! hostname C4-2_4506 ! enable password xxxxxxx! clock timezone GMT 8 ip subnet-zero no ip domain-lookup ! ip dhcp snooping vlan 180-181 // 对哪些VLAN 进行限制 ip dhcp snooping ip arp inspection vlan 180-181 ip arp inspection validate src-mac dst-mac ip errdisable recovery cause udld errdisable recovery cause bpduguard errdisable recovery cause security-violation errdisable recovery cause channel-misconfig errdisable recovery cause pagp-flap errdisable recovery cause dtp-flap errdisable recovery cause link-flap errdisable recovery cause l2ptguard errdisable recovery cause psecure-violation errdisable recovery cause gbic-invalid errdisable recovery cause dhcp-rate-limit errdisable recovery cause unicast-flood errdisable recovery cause vmps errdisable recovery cause arp-inspection errdisable recovery interval 30 spanning-tree extend system-id ! ! interface GigabitEthernet2/1 // 对该端口接入的用户进行限制,可以下联交换机 ip arp inspection limit rate 100 arp timeout 2 ip dhcp snooping limit rate 100 ! interface GigabitEthernet2/2 ip arp inspection limit rate 100 arp timeout 2 ip dhcp snooping limit rate 100 ! interface GigabitEthernet2/3 ip arp inspection limit rate 100 arp timeout 2 ip dhcp snooping limit rate 100 ! interface GigabitEthernet2/4 ip arp inspection limit rate 100 arp timeout 2 ip dhcp snooping limit rate 100 --More-- 编者注:对不需要明确地址的所有人的时候是一个很好的解决办法。另外,可以查看www.cisco.com的 IP Source Guard Similar to DHCP snooping, this feature is enabled on a DHCP snooping untrusted Layer 2 port. Initially, all IP traffic on the port is blocked except for DHCP packets that are captured by the DHCP snooping process. When a client receives a valid IP address from the DHCP server, or when a static IP source binding is configured by the user, a per-port and VLAN Access Control List (PACL) is installed on the port. This process restricts the client IP traffic to those source IP addresses configured in the binding; any IP traffic with a source IP address other than that in the IP source binding will be filtered out. This filtering limits a host's ability to attack the network by claiming neighbor host's IP address.
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