（A）Leetcode 1152 Analyze User Website Visit Pattern

1152 Analyze User Website Visit Pattern
You are given two string arrays username and website and an integer array timestamp. All the given arrays are of the same length and the tuple [username[i], website[i], timestamp[i]] indicates that the user username[i] visited the website website[i] at time timestamp[i].

A pattern is a list of three websites (not necessarily distinct).

For example, ["home", "away", "love"], ["leetcode", "love", "leetcode"], and ["luffy", "luffy", "luffy"] are all patterns.

The score of a pattern is the number of users that visited all the websites in the pattern in the same order they appeared in the pattern.

For example, if the pattern is ["home", "away", "love"], the score is the number of users x such that x visited "home" then visited "away" and visited "love" after that.
Similarly, if the pattern is ["leetcode", "love", "leetcode"], the score is the number of users x such that x visited "leetcode" then visited "love" and visited "leetcode" one more time after that.
Also, if the pattern is ["luffy", "luffy", "luffy"], the score is the number of users x such that x visited "luffy" three different times at different timestamps.

Return the pattern with the largest score. If there is more than one pattern with the same largest score, return the lexicographically smallest such pattern.

Example 1:

Input: username = [“joe”,“joe”,“joe”,“james”,“james”,“james”,“james”,“mary”,“mary”,“mary”], timestamp = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], website = [“home”,“about”,“career”,“home”,“cart”,“maps”,“home”,“home”,“about”,“career”]
Output: [“home”,“about”,“career”]
Explanation: The tuples in this example are:
[“joe”,“home”,1],[“joe”,“about”,2],[“joe”,“career”,3],[“james”,“home”,4],[“james”,“cart”,5],[“james”,“maps”,6],[“james”,“home”,7],[“mary”,“home”,8],[“mary”,“about”,9], and [“mary”,“career”,10].
The pattern (“home”, “about”, “career”) has score 2 (joe and mary).
The pattern (“home”, “cart”, “maps”) has score 1 (james).
The pattern (“home”, “cart”, “home”) has score 1 (james).
The pattern (“home”, “maps”, “home”) has score 1 (james).
The pattern (“cart”, “maps”, “home”) has score 1 (james).
The pattern (“home”, “home”, “home”) has score 0 (no user visited home 3 times).

Example 2:

Input: username = [“ua”,“ua”,“ua”,“ub”,“ub”,“ub”], timestamp = [1,2,3,4,5,6], website = [“a”,“b”,“a”,“a”,“b”,“c”]
Output: [“a”,“b”,“a”]

Constraints:

3 <= username.length <= 50
1 <= username[i].length <= 10
timestamp.length == username.length
1 <= timestamp[i] <= 109
website.length == username.length
1 <= website[i].length <= 10
username[i] and website[i] consist of lowercase English letters.
It is guaranteed that there is at least one user who visited at least three websites.
All the tuples [username[i], timestamp[i], website[i]] are unique.

解决方案：
1 Group then webs by user, webs are list by timestamp
2 Group the web in 3 as a pattern, and the web are list consecutive.
3 Calculate the users count of each pattern, return the most one(s)

[‘oz’, ‘wnaaxbfhxp’, ‘mryxsjc’, ‘wlarkzzqht’] – patterns would be like;
{(‘oz’, ‘wnaaxbfhxp’, ‘wlarkzzqht’), (‘oz’, ‘wnaaxbfhxp’, ‘mryxsjc’), (‘wnaaxbfhxp’, ‘mryxsjc’, ‘wlarkzzqht’), (‘oz’, ‘mryxsjc’, ‘wlarkzzqht’)}

class Solution:
    def mostVisitedPattern(self, username: List[str], timestamp: List[int], website: List[str]) -> List[str]:
        res = []
        combines = []
        for i in range(len(username)):
            combines.append([timestamp[i], username[i],website[i]])
        combines.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
        # print(combines)
        groups = defaultdict(list)
        for t, u, w in combines:
            groups[u].append(w)
        counts = defaultdict(int)
        for webs in groups.values():
            pttns = set(combinations(webs, 3))  # 也可以暴力
            for pattern in pttns:
                counts[pattern] += 1
                    
        h = []
        for k, v in counts.items():
            heapq.heappush(h,[-v, k])
        c, pttn = heapq.heappop(h)
        return list(pttn)
        # o(nlogn),o(n)