Solving a “communications link failure” with jdbc and mysql :Cannot connect to database server Commu

Question

I'm trying to connect to the local mysql server but I keep getting an error

here is the code

public class Connect
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
            Connection conn = null;

            try
            {
                    String userName = "myUsername";
                    String password = "myPassword";

                    String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myDatabaseName";
                    Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
                    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,password);
                    System.out.println("Database connection established");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                    System.err.println("Cannot connect to database server");
                    System.err.println(e.getMessage());
                    e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                    if(conn != null)
                    {
                            try
                            {
                                    conn.close();
                                    System.out.println("Database Connection Terminated");
                            }
                            catch (Exception e)
                            {
                            }
                    }
            }
    }
}

and the errors...

Cannot connect to database server
Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createCommunicationsException(SQLError.java:1116)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:344)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.coreConnect(ConnectionImpl.java:2333)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2370)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2154)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:792)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:381)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:305)
        at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:582)
        at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:185)
        at Connect.main(Connect.java:16)
    Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.doConnect(PlainSocketImpl.java:351)
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(PlainSocketImpl.java:213)
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:200)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:366)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:529)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:478)
        at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:375)
        at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:218)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.StandardSocketFactory.connect(StandardSocketFactory.java:257)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:294)
        ... 15 more

I've set the classpath, made sure my.cnf had the skip network option commented out.

java version is 1.2.0_26 (64 bit) mysql 5.5.14 mysql connector 5.1.17

I made sure that the user had access to my database.

Note the CausedBy at the bottom. The SQL server never accepted the connection. What happens if do (from a command line) telnet localhost 3306? Is the mySQL server running?
Check this post. Might help: stackoverflow.com/questions/15949/…
@Anthony You should put your comment as an answer and accept it ...

score 14 · Answer 1

I have had the same problem in two of my programs. My error was this:

com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.

I spend some days to solve this problem. I have tested many approaches that have been mentioned in different web sites, but non of them worked. Finally I changed my code and found out what was the problem. I'll try to tell you about different approaches and sum them up here.

While I was seeking the internet to find the solution for this error, I figured out that there are many solutions that worked for at least one person, but others say that it doesn't work for them! why there are many approaches to this error? It seems this error can occur generally when there is a problem in connecting to the server. Maybe the problem is because of the wrong query string or too many connections to the database.

So I suggest you to try all the solutions one by one and don't give up!

Here are the solutions that I found on the internet and for each of them, there is at least on person who his problem has been solved with that solution.

point: For the solutions that you need to change the MySQL settings, you can refer to the following not:

Linux: /etc/my.cnf
Windows: D:\Program Files\mysql\bin\my.ini

Here are the solutions:

changing "bind-address" attribute

Uncomment "bind-address" attribute or change it to one of the following Ips:

bind-address="127.0.0.1"

or

bind-address="0.0.0.0"

commenting out "skip-networking"

If there is a "skip-networking" line in your MySQL config file, make it comment by adding "#" sign at the beginning of that line.

change "wait_timeout" and "interactive_timeout"

Add these lines to the MySQL config file:

wait_timeout = number

interactive_timeout = number

connect_timeout = number

check Operating System proxy settings

Make sure the Fire wall, or Anti virus soft wares don't block MySQL service.

change connection string

Check your query string. your connection string should be some thing like this:

dbName = "my_database";
dbUserName = "root";
dbPassword = "";
String connectionString = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/" + dbName + "?user=" + dbUserName + "&password=" + dbPassword + "&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";

Make sure you don't have spaces in your string. All the connection string should be continues without any space characters.

Try to replace "localhost" with your port, like 127.0.0.1. Also try to add port number to your connection string, like:

String connectionString = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my_database?user=root&password=Pass&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";

Usually default port for MySQL is 3306.

Don't forget to change username and password to the username and password of your MySQL server.

update your JDK driver library file
test different JDK and JREs (like JDK 6 and 7)
don't change max_allowed_packet

"max_allowed_packet" is a variable in MySQL config file that indicates the maximum packet size, not the maximum number of packets. So it will not help to solve this error.

change tomcat security

change TOMCAT6_SECURITY=yes to TOMCAT6_SECURITY=no

use validationQuery property

use validationQuery="select now()" to make sure each query has responses

AutoReconnect

Add this code to your connection string:

&autoReconnect=true&failOverReadOnly=false&maxReconnects=10

Although non of these solutions worked for me, I suggest you to try them. Because there are some people how solved their problem with following these steps.

But what solved my problem? My problem was that I had many SELECTs on database. Each time I created connection and then closed it. Although I closed the connection every time, but the system faced with many connections and gave me that error. What I did was that I defined my connection variable as a public (or private) variable for whole class and initialized it in the constructor. Then every time I just used that connection. It solved my problem and also increased my speed dramatically.

Conclusion

There is no simple and unique way to solve this problem. I suggest you to think about your own situation and choose above solutions. If you take this error at the beginning of the program and you are not able to connect to the database at all, you might have problem in your connection string. But If you take this error after several successful interaction to the database, the problem might be with number of connections and you may think about changing "wait_timeout" and other MySQL settings or rewrite your code how that reduce number of connections.

Solving a “communications link failure” with jdbc and mysql :Cannot connect to database server Commu

4 Answers

Here are the solutions:

Conclusion