pandas数据操作

pandas数据操作

字符串方法

Series对象在其str属性中配备了一组字符串处理方法，可以很容易的应用到数组中的每个元素

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

t = pd.Series(['a_b_c_d','c_d_e',np.nan,'f_g_h'])
t

0    a_b_c_d
1      c_d_e
2        NaN
3      f_g_h
dtype: object

t.str.cat(['A','B','C','D'],sep=',') # 拼接字符串

0    a_b_c_d,A
1      c_d_e,B
2          NaN
3      f_g_h,D
dtype: object

t.str.split('_') # 切分字符串

0    [a, b, c, d]
1       [c, d, e]
2             NaN
3       [f, g, h]
dtype: object

t.str.get(0) # 获取指定位置的字符串

0      a
1      c
2    NaN
3      f
dtype: object

t.str.replace("_", ".") # 替换字符串

0    a.b.c.d
1      c.d.e
2        NaN
3      f.g.h
dtype: object

t.str.pad(10, fillchar="?") # 左补齐

0    ???a_b_c_d
1    ?????c_d_e
2           NaN
3    ?????f_g_h
dtype: object

t.str.pad(10, side="right", fillchar="?") # 右补齐

0    a_b_c_d???
1    c_d_e?????
2           NaN
3    f_g_h?????
dtype: object

t.str.center(10, fillchar="?") #中间补齐

0    ?a_b_c_d??
1    ??c_d_e???
2           NaN
3    ??f_g_h???
dtype: object

t.str.find('d') # 查找给定字符串的位置，左边开始

0    6.0
1    2.0
2    NaN
3   -1.0
dtype: float64

t.str.rfind('d') # 查找给定字符串的位置，右边开始

0    6.0
1    2.0
2    NaN
3   -1.0
dtype: float64

---

数据转置(行列转换)

dates = pd.date_range('20130101',periods=10)
dates

DatetimeIndex(['2013-01-01', '2013-01-02', '2013-01-03', '2013-01-04',
               '2013-01-05', '2013-01-06', '2013-01-07', '2013-01-08',
               '2013-01-09', '2013-01-10'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(10,4),index=dates,columns=['A','B','C','D'])
df.head()

	A	B	C	D
2013-01-01	-0.665173	0.516813	0.745156	-0.303295
2013-01-02	-0.953574	2.125147	0.238382	-0.400209
2013-01-03	-0.233966	2.066662	0.331000	-2.802471
2013-01-04	2.038273	0.982127	-1.096000	-1.051818
2013-01-05	-1.438657	-1.208042	-0.375673	0.384522

df.head().T # 行列转换

	2013-01-01 00:00:00	2013-01-02 00:00:00	2013-01-03 00:00:00	2013-01-04 00:00:00	2013-01-05 00:00:00
A	-0.665173	-0.953574	-0.233966	2.038273	-1.438657
B	0.516813	2.125147	2.066662	0.982127	-1.208042
C	0.745156	0.238382	0.331000	-1.096000	-0.375673
D	-0.303295	-0.400209	-2.802471	-1.051818	0.384522

---

对数据应用function

df.head().apply(np.cumsum) # cumsum 累加

	A	B	C	D
2013-01-01	-0.665173	0.516813	0.745156	-0.303295
2013-01-02	-1.618747	2.641960	0.983537	-0.703504
2013-01-03	-1.852713	4.708622	1.314537	-3.505975
2013-01-04	0.185560	5.690749	0.218537	-4.557793
2013-01-05	-1.253098	4.482707	-0.157135	-4.173271

---

频率

计算值出现的次数，类似直方图

s = pd.Series(np.random.randint(0, 7, size=10))
s

0    3
1    3
2    1
3    6
4    3
5    3
6    5
7    2
8    1
9    0
dtype: int32

s.value_counts()

3    4
1    2
6    1
5    1
2    1
0    1
dtype: int64