.Net Core 最优 MD5 打开方式！初学者建议收藏（支持 SHA1，SHA256，.Net Framework）

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

static class THashAlgorithmInstances<THashAlgorithm> where THashAlgorithm : HashAlgorithm
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 线程静态变量。
    /// 即：这个变量在每个线程中都是唯一的。
    /// 再结合泛型类实现了该变量在不同泛型或不同的线程先的变量都是唯一的。
    /// 这样做的目的是为了避开多线程问题。
    /// </summary>
    [ThreadStatic]
    static THashAlgorithm instance;

    public static THashAlgorithm Instance => instance ?? Create(); // C# 语法糖，低版本可以改为 { get { return instance != null ? instance : Create(); } }

    /// <summary>
    /// 寻找 THashAlgorithm 类型下的 Create 静态方法，并执行它。
    /// 如果没找到，则执行 Activator.CreateInstance 调用构造方法创建实例。
    /// 如果 Activator.CreateInstance 方法执行失败，它会抛出异常。
    /// </summary>
    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
    static THashAlgorithm Create()
    {
        var createMethod = typeof(THashAlgorithm).GetMethod(
            nameof(HashAlgorithm.Create), // 这段代码同 "Create"，低版本 C# 可以替换掉
            BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly,
            Type.DefaultBinder,
            Type.EmptyTypes,
            null);

        if (createMethod != null)
        {
            instance = (THashAlgorithm)createMethod.Invoke(null, new object[] { });
        }
        else
        {
            instance = Activator.CreateInstance<THashAlgorithm>();
        }

        return instance;
    }
}

public static class HashAlgorithmHelper
{
    static readonly char[] Digitals = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };

    static string ToString(byte[] bytes)
    {
        const int byte_len = 2; // 表示一个 byte 的字符长度。

        var chars = new char[byte_len * bytes.Length];

        var index = 0;

        foreach (var item in bytes)
        {
            chars[index] = Digitals[item >> 4/* byte high */]; ++index;
            chars[index] = Digitals[item & 15/* byte low  */]; ++index;
        }

        return new string(chars);
    }

    public static string ComputeHash<THashAlgorithm>(string input) where THashAlgorithm : HashAlgorithm
    {
        var bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);

        return ToString(THashAlgorithmInstances<THashAlgorithm>.Instance.ComputeHash(bytes));
    }
}

class Program
{
    public static string GetMd5Hash(string input)
    {
        using (MD5 md5Hash = MD5.Create())
        {
            // Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash.
            var data = md5Hash.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input));

            // Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes
            // and create a string.
            var sBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            // Loop through each byte of the hashed data 
            // and format each one as a hexadecimal string.
            foreach (var t in data)
            {
                sBuilder.Append(t.ToString("x2"));
            }

            // Return the hexadecimal string.
            return sBuilder.ToString();
        }
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(HashAlgorithmHelper.ComputeHash<MD5>("Hello World!"));
        Console.WriteLine(GetMd5Hash("Hello World!"));

        while (true)
        {
            var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
            {
                HashAlgorithmHelper.ComputeHash<MD5>("Hello World!");
            }

            Console.WriteLine(stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);

            stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
            {
                GetMd5Hash("Hello World!");
            }

            Console.WriteLine(stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
        }
    }
}