Java集合框架之Map以及如何使用HashMap

 先定义一个Person类然后创建6个单元测试方法

import java.util.Objects;

public class Person {
    String name;
    int age;

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        System.out.println("Person equals()...");
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Person person = (Person) o;
        return age == person.age && Objects.equals(name, person.name);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, age);
    }

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

下面为单元测试

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.*;

public class MapTest {
   @Test
   public void test1(){
      Map map=new HashMap();
      map.put("Tom",23);
      map.put(34,"AA");
      map.put("CC",new Date());
      map.put(null,null);
      System.out.println(map);
   }
   @Test
   public void test2(){
      Map map=new Hashtable();

//      map.put(null,123); 报错
//      map.put("AA",null); 报错
      System.out.println(map);
   }
   @Test
   public void test3(){
      LinkedHashMap map = new LinkedHashMap(); //开发中，对于频繁的遍历操作，建议使用此类
      map.put("Tom",23);
      map.put(34,"AA");
      map.put("CC",new Date());
      System.out.println(map);
   }
   @Test
   public void test4(){
      HashMap map=new HashMap();
      map.put("AA",56);
      map.put(67,"Tom");
      map.put("BB",78);
      map.put(new Person("Jerry",12),56);
      System.out.println(map);
      System.out.println(map.size());
      Object value = map.remove("AA");
      System.out.println(value);
      System.out.println(map);
      //修改
      Object oldValue = map.put("BB", 99);
      System.out.println(oldValue); //78
      System.out.println(map);

      Object value1=map.get(67);
      System.out.println(value1);
   }
   //map的遍历
   @Test
   public void test5(){
      HashMap map=new HashMap();
      map.put("AA",56);
      map.put(67,"Tom");
      map.put("BB",78);
      map.put(new Person("Jerry",12),56);
      Set keySet = map.keySet();
      //遍历
      Iterator iterator = keySet.iterator();
      while(iterator.hasNext())
      {
         Object key = iterator.next();
         System.out.println(key);
      }
      //遍历value Collection values();
      Collection values = map.values();
      //使用增强for
      for(Object obj:values){
         System.out.println(obj);
      }

   }
   //遍历entry集 Set entrySet()
   @Test
   public void test6(){
      HashMap map=new HashMap();
      map.put("AA",56);
      map.put(67,"Tom");
      map.put("BB",78);
      map.put(new Person("Jerry",12),56);
      //方式一 遍历entry集 Set entrySet() (推荐）
      Set entrySet = map.entrySet();
      Iterator iterator = entrySet.iterator();
      while(iterator.hasNext())
      {
         Map.Entry entry= (Map.Entry) iterator.next(); //强转 内部类的应用
         System.out.println(entry.getKey()+"--->"+entry.getValue());
      }
    //方式二:遍历entry集 keySet(),get(key)
//      Set keySet = map.keySet();
//      for(Object key:keySet){
//         System.out.println(key+"--->"+map.get(key));
//      }
   }
}