centos7.6 python3,pip3编译安装及遇到的坑

安装的环境是centos7.6 (ubuntu编译参考)

1.更新源(使用阿里源)， 参考更新源安装python

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

mkdir /tmp/repo_bak

sudo mv * /tmp/repo_bak

sudo wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

sudo wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

2.安装依赖

sudo yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel openssl-static ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel lzma gcc

3.下载python, 到https://www.python.org/ftp/python/ 查看版本

cd ~/Downloads/

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tgz

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.4.tgz

cd Python-3.7.4 

./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared

sudo make -j2

sudo make install

(直接使用sudo make && make install 可能会在安装时遇到权限问题)

成功会提示

Successfully installed pip-19.0.3 setuptools-40.8.0

4.创建软连接

sudo ln -sf /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3

sudo ln -sf /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

查看python3版本:

python3

升级pip3:

pip3 install --upgrade pip

如果这些都没有错误，至此python3就安装成功了。

5.python3命令提示error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.7m.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

sudo cp /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7m.so.1.0 /usr/lib/

sudo ldconfig

或者 修改配置

 

6. pip3命令提示No module named pip._internal 

1.重装pip

2.如果第一步没有解决到python3安装目录下，查看site-packages文件权限

ll /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/

如果权限不是755及以上，修改权限

sudo chmod -R 755 /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/