容器-Docker仓库及镜像基本使用_log in with your docker id or email address to pus-CSDN博客

[root@localhost ~]# docker login    #默认登陆到Docker Hub网站
Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one.
You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/

Username: test.com
Password: 
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

2.登陆华为镜像站：

[root@localhost ~]# docker login mirrors.huaweicloud.com    #登陆华为镜像站
Username: test.com
Password: 
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

3. 登出

退出登陆的镜像站。

语法结构：

docker logout

[root@localhost ~]# docker logout
Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/

二、镜像（Images）

镜像用于运行容器，没有镜像不能运行容器。镜像不在本地存在，获取镜像会从Docker官方下载。

1. 查找镜像

查看官方（Docker Hub）镜像。

语法结构：

docker search 镜像名

[root@localhost ~]# docker search centos
NAME                                         DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
centos                                       DEPRECATED; The official build of CentOS.       7668      [OK]       
kasmweb/centos-7-desktop                     CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces            41                   
bitnami/centos-base-buildpack                Centos base compilation image                   0                    [OK]
couchbase/centos7-systemd                    centos7-systemd images with additional debug…   8                    [OK]
...
[root@localhost ~]# docker search centos --filter=stars=100    #只显示收藏大于100的镜像
NAME      DESCRIPTION                                 STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
centos    DEPRECATED; The official build of CentOS.   7668      [OK]

输出结果说明：

NAME：镜像名称
DESCRIPTION：镜像描述
STARS：收藏数，即星级数
OFFICTAL：是否是Docker官方发布镜像
AUTOMATED：是否自动构建

2. 查看镜像

查看本地镜像信息。

语法结构：

docker images

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE

输出结果说明：

REPOSITORY：镜像的仓库源
TAG：镜像的标签，标记镜像不同的版本
IMAGE ID：镜像的ID
CREATED：创建镜像的时间
SIZE：镜像的大小

注意：

同一个仓库可以有多个镜像，但tag版本需要不同。如果ubuntu仓库中存在15.10、20.04等多个不同版本，使用repository:tag定义同一镜像的不同版本，即ubuntu:15.10和ubuntu:20.04。

3. 拉取镜像即获取新的镜像

将镜像站中的镜像下载到本地，获取镜像不指定tag会自动下载最新版镜像。

语法结构：

docker pull 镜像名

案例：

1.登陆到Docker官方网站，下载centos镜像到本地：

[root@localhost ~]# docker login    #登陆到Docker Hub
Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one.
You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/

Username: test.com
Password: 
...
Login Succeeded
        
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull centos    #下载centos镜像到本地
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images    #查看下载的centos镜像，latest为最新版
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
centos        latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago    231MB

2.不登陆直接获取ubuntu镜像到本地（ubuntu镜像本地不存在会自动从Docker Hub下载）：

[root@localhost ~]# docker logout    #登出Docker Hub网站
Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
7b1a6ab2e44d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
ubuntu        latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago   72.8MB
centos        latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago   231MB

4. 镜像标签

为镜像添加新的标签。

语法结构：

docker tag 原镜像名/镜像ID 用户名/原镜像名:新标签

[root@localhost ~]# docker tag ubuntu name/ubuntu:v1
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
ubuntu        latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago   72.8MB
name/ubuntu   v1        ba6acccedd29   2 years ago   72.8MB
centos        latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago   231MB

5. 推送镜像

用户登陆到镜像站后，可以将自己的镜像上传至镜像站。

语法结构：

docker push 镜像名

案例：

1.使用拉取的Ubuntu镜像重新生成name/ubuntu:v1，并将镜像推送到Docker官方镜像站（注意name替换成Docker Hub中自己的账号名称）：

[root@localhost ~]# docker login    #登陆到Docker Hub
Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one.
You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/

Username: max_top1002@163.com
Password: 
...
Login Succeeded
[root@localhost ~]# docker images    #查看docker镜像
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu        latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago     72.8MB
centos        latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago     231MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag ubuntu name/ubuntu:v1    #使用现有ubuntu镜像重新生成新镜像存储在本地，将name改为自己Docker Hub账号的用户名
[root@localhost ~]# docker images    #查看本地镜像，name/ubuntu存在
REPOSITORY      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu          latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago     72.8MB
name/ubuntu     v1        ba6acccedd29   2 years ago     72.8MB
centos          latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago     231MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker push name/ubuntu:v1    #将生成的新镜像推送到Docker Hub镜像站
The push refers to repository [docker.io/name/ubuntu]
9f54eef41275: Mounted from library/ubuntu 
v1: digest: sha256:7cc0576c7c0ec2384de5cbf245f41567e922aab1b075f3e8ad565f508032df17 size: 529
[root@localhost ~]# docker search name/ubuntu    #查看推送成功
NAME            DESCRIPTION   STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
name/ubuntu                 0

6. 删除镜像

删除本地镜像。

语法结构：

docker rmi 镜像名/镜像ID [--force] #--force为可选，加入该参数可以删除1或多个

案例：

1.删除centos镜像：

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi centos
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Deleted: sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6
Deleted: sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59

2.同时删除ubuntu和name/ubuntu:v1镜像：

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
name/ubuntu   v1        ba6acccedd29   2 years ago   72.8MB
ubuntu        latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago   72.8MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi --force ubuntu ba6acccedd29
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Untagged: name/ubuntu:v1
Deleted: sha256:ba6acccedd2923aee4c2acc6a23780b14ed4b8a5fa4e14e252a23b846df9b6c1
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE

3.快速删除所有镜像：

[root@localhost ~]# docker images    #拉取ubuntu和centos镜像
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
ubuntu       latest    ba6acccedd29   2 years ago   72.8MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago   231MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi $(docker images -q)    #先获取所有镜像的id，再删除获取到的id值
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Deleted: sha256:ba6acccedd2923aee4c2acc6a23780b14ed4b8a5fa4e14e252a23b846df9b6c1
Deleted: sha256:9f54eef412758095c8079ac465d494a2872e02e90bf1fb5f12a1641c0d1bb78b
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Deleted: sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6
Deleted: sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE