1. cobbler简介
Cobbler是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。
Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。
Cobbler内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其它配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack。
cobbler集成服务
- PXE服务支持
- DHCP服务管理
- DNS服务管理(可选bind,dnsmasq)
- 电源管理
- Kickstart服务支持
- YUM仓库管理
- TFTP(PXE启动时需要)
- Apache(提供kickstart的安装源，并提供定制化的kickstart配置)
cobbler配置文件详解
cobbler配置文件目录在/etc/cobbler
| 配置文件 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| /etc/cobbler/settings | cobbler 主配置文件 |
| /etc/cobbler/iso/ | iso模板配置文件 |
| /etc/cobbler/pxe | pxe模板配置文件 |
| /etc/cobbler/power | 电源配置文件 |
| /etc/cobbler/user.conf | web服务授权配置文件 |
| /etc/cobbler/users.digest | web访问的用户名密码配置文件 |
| /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template | dhcp服务器的的配置模板 |
| /etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template | dns服务器的配置模板 |
| /etc/cobbler/tftpd.template | tftp服务的配置模板 |
| /etc/cobbler/modules.conf | 模块的配置文件 |
cobbler数据目录
| 目录 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| /var/lib/cobbler/config/ | 用于存放distros，system，profiles等信息配置文件 |
| /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/ | 用于存放用户定义的cobbler命令 |
| /var/lib/cobbler/kickstart/ | 默认存放kickstart文件 |
| /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ | 存放各种引导程序以及镜像目录 |
| /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ | 导入的发行版系统的所有数据 |
| /var/www/cobbler/images/ | 导入发行版的kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动 |
| /var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/ | yum仓库存储目录 |
cobbler日志文件
| 日志文件路径 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| /var/log/cobbler/installing | 客户端安装日志 |
| /var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log | cobbler日志 |
cobbler命令详解
cobbler check //核对当前设置是否有问题
cobbler list //列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report //列出元素的详细信息
cobbler sync //同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync //同步yum仓库
cobbler distro //查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system //查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile //查看配置信息
2. cobbler服务端部署
//配置网络源，并且安装epel源
[root@zml ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@zml yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo epel-testing.repo webtatic-archive.repo webtatic-testing.repo
epel.repo redhat.repo webtatic.repo
//安装cobbler以及相关的软件
[root@zml ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart
//关闭selinux和防火墙
[root@zml ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@zml ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@zml ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@zml ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@zml ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@zml ~]# systemctl mask firewalld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/firewalld.service to /dev/null.
//启动服务并设置开机自启
[root@zml ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@zml ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service.
//修改server的ip地址为本机ip
[root@zml ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.26.128/' /etc/cobbler/settings
//设置tftp的ip地址为本机ip
[root@zml ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.26.128/' /etc/cobbler/settings
//开启tftp
[root@zml ~]# sed -i '/disable/s/yes/no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
//下载缺失文件
[root@zml ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2019-03-05_145509_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Tue Mar 5 14:55:09 2019)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//启动rsync并设置开机自启
[root@zml ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
//生成加密的密码
[root@zml ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" 'zml123!'
$1$28501$VQGsMZsGtJHb683./7nu01
//将新生成的加密密码加入到配置文件
[root@zml ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
# default is "cobbler" and cobbler check will warn if
# this is not changed.
# The simplest way to change the password is to run
# openssl passwd -1
# and put the output between the "" below.
default_password_crypted: "$1$28501$VQGsMZsGtJHb683./7nu01"
# the default template type to use in the absence of any
# other detected template. If you do not specify the template
# with '#template=<template_type>' on the first line of your
//重启cobbler
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@zml ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:25151 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 *:873 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::443 :::*
LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::*
//通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
[root@zml ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
//以上两个是关于debian系统的错误，请忽略
//配置cobbler dhcp
//修改cobbler配置文件，让cobbler控制dhcp
[root@zml ~]# sed -i '/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@zml ~]# sed -n '/^manage_dhcp/p' /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1
//配置dhcp
[root@zml ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
option pxe-system-type code 93 = unsigned integer 16;
subnet 192.168.26.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.26.128;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.26.2; //此处为系统安装好后指定的dns地址
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.26.100 192.168.26.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next-server $next_server;
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {
filename "ia64/elilo.efi";
} else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {
filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";
} else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {
filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
//重启服务并同步配置，改完dhcp必须要sync同步配置
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@zml ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2019-03-05_155150_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Tue Mar 5 15:51:50 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//检查dhcp是否正常
[root@zml ~]# netstat -anulp|grep dhcp
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 1698/dhcpd
//导入redhat7镜像
[root@zml ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@zml ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=rhel-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2019-03-05_155714_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Tue Mar 5 15:57:14 2019)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64:
creating new distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/rhel-7-x86_64
creating new profile: rhel-7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64 for rhel-7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/repodata
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability/repodata
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//说明：
--path //镜像路径
--name //为安装源定义一个名字
--arch //指定安装源平台
安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：rhel-7-x86_64,，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败
//查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@zml ~]# cobbler list
distros:
rhel-7-x86_64
profiles:
rhel-7-x86_64
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
//创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
[root@zml ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
[root@zml ~]# cat /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
text
firewall --disabled
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto --activate
network --hostname=localhost.localdomain
url --url=http://192.168.26.128/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
$yum_repo_stanza
reboot
rootpw --iscrypted $1$28501$VQGsMZsGtJHb683./7nu01//xyiTllGwxRsHHruQhcskO69u2LVTU9u0eemHXH2pzcGawyAJ54R2E/x0
selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
install
zerombr
%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end
//检查ks文件语法是否有误
[root@zml ~]# cobbler validateks
task started: 2019-03-05_161507_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Tue Mar 5 16:15:07 2019)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.26.128/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/rhel-7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel7" "http://192.168.26.128/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/rhel-7-x86_64"
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//查看当前cobbler有哪些配置文件
[root@zml ~]# cobbler profile list
rhel-7-x86_64
//修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件
[root@zml ~]# cobbler profile edit --name rhel-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
//配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[root@zml ~]# cobbler profile edit --name rhel-7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifname=0 biosdevname=0'
//检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息
[root@zml ~]# cobbler profile report
Name : rhel-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : rhel-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifname': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
//同步cobbler
[root@zml ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2019-03-05_162427_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Tue Mar 5 16:24:27 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for rhel-7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//为避免发生未知问题，先把服务端所有服务重启
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart httpd
3. 安装客户端
- 安装Linux7
- 安装CentOS
//在原有的基础上做
[root@zml ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=CentOs-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2019-03-05_182116_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Tue Mar 5 18:21:16 2019)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64:
creating new distro: CentOs-7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOs-7-x86_64
creating new profile: CentOs-7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64 for CentOs-7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/repodata
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/HighAvailability/repodata
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@zml ~]# cobbler list
distros:
CentOs-7-x86_64
rhel-7-x86_64
profiles:
CentOs-7-x86_64
rhel-7-x86_64
systems:
test
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
//将原来的安装脚本复制一份并修改名字
[root@zml ~]# cp /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOs-7-x86_64.ks
[root@zml ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOs-7-x86_64.ks //将rhel-7-x86_64.ks改为CentOs-7-x86_64.ks
network --hostname=localhost.localdomain
url --url=http://192.168.26.128/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOs-7-x86_64
//修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件
[root@zml ~]# cobbler profile edit --name CentOs-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOs-7-x86_64.ks
//检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息
[root@zml ~]# cobbler profile report
Name : rhel-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : rhel-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifname': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
Name : CentOs-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOs-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOs-7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
//为避免发生未知问题，先把服务端所有服务重启
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart httpd
4. 定制安装
定制安装步骤：
- 统计服务器mac地址
- 配置cobbler
- 安装
登录的时候会报错，下面是解决办法
- 由于Linux7默认安装的Python-djiango版本过高，cobbler还存在一些bug未修复，因此，我们需要将djiango框架降到低版本
[root@zml ~]# rpm -qa|grep django
python2-django-1.11.18-1.el7.noarch
python-django-bash-completion-1.11.18-1.el7.noarch
[root@zml ~]# rpm -e python2-django-1.11.18-1.el7.noarch --nodeps
[root@zml ~]# yum list all |grep django
python-django-bash-completion.noarch 1.11.18-1.el7 @epel
kobo-django.noarch 0.6.0-1.el7 epel
python-django-ajax-selects.noarch 1.7.1-1.el7 epel
python-django-angular.noarch 0.7.10-2.el7 epel
python-django-angular-doc.noarch 0.7.10-2.el7 epel
python-django-appconf.noarch 0.6-1.el7 epel
python-django-compressor.noarch 1.3-1.el7 epel
python-django-evolution.noarch 1:0.7.7-1.el7 epel
python-django-fas.noarch 1.0.2-1.el7 epel
python-django-federated-login.noarch 1.0.0-1.el7 epel
python-django-filter.noarch 1.0.2-1.el7 epel
python-django-haystack.noarch 2.4.1-1.el7 epel
python-django-haystack-docs.noarch 2.4.1-1.el7 epel
python-django-helpdesk.noarch 0.2.10-1.el7 epel
python-django-nose.noarch 1.2-1.el7 epel
python-django-pipeline.noarch 1.3.27-1.el7 epel
python-django-piston.noarch 0.2.3-7.el7 epel
python-django-pyscss.noarch 1.0.5-2.el7 epel
python-django-south.noarch 1.0.2-1.el7 epel
python-django-tagging.noarch 0.3.1-11.el7 epel
python-django-threadedcomments.noarch 1.2-1.el7 epel
python-django16-bash-completion.noarch 1.6.11.7-5.el7 epel
python2-django.noarch 1.11.18-1.el7 epel
python2-django-doc.noarch 1.11.18-1.el7 epel
python2-django-model-utils.noarch 2.5.2-1.el7 epel
python2-django-multiselectfield.noarch 0.1.3-5.el7 epel
python2-django-redis.noarch 4.3.0-1.el7 epel
python2-django-rest-framework.noarch 3.5.2-4.el7 epel
python2-django-tastypie.noarch 0.12.2-1.el7 epel
python2-django16.noarch 1.6.11.7-5.el7 epel
[root@zml ~]# yum -y install python2-django16.noarch
- 统计Mac地址
这里生成了一个Mac地址：00:50:56:3F:40:78
在 cobbler 的web界面上配置：
用户和密码都是cobbler
- 点击Systems
- 点击Create New System
- 点击Networking(Global)
- 点击Networking
- 保存
同步配置并重启相关服务：
[root@zml ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2019-03-05_180631_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Tue Mar 5 18:06:31 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/01-00-50-56-3f-40-78
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/01-00-50-56-3F-40-78
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/01-00-50-56-3f-40-78
generating: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/01-00-50-56-3F-40-78
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for rhel-7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@zml ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
- 开始安装系统（这里就会自动安装），而不需要和之前一样手动选择配置文件进行安装
673
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
