STL篇：用红黑树模拟实现封装set与map

用红黑树模拟实现封装set与map

//RBTree.h

#pragma once

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

enum Color
{
	RED,
	BLACK
};

template<class T>
struct RBTreeNode
{
	RBTreeNode<T>* _left;
	RBTreeNode<T>* _right;
	RBTreeNode<T>* _parent;

	T _data;
	Color _col;

	RBTreeNode(const T& data)
		:_left(nullptr)
		, _right(nullptr)
		, _parent(nullptr)
		, _data(data)
		, _col(RED)
	{}
};

//typedef __TreeIterator<T, T*, T&> iterator;
//typedef __TreeIterator<T, const T*, const T&> const_iterator;
template<class T, class Ptr, class Ref>
struct __TreeIterator
{
	typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
	typedef __TreeIterator<T, Ptr, Ref> Self;
	typedef __TreeIterator<T, T*, T&> iterator;
	Node* _node;

	__TreeIterator(Node* node)
		:_node(node)
	{}

	__TreeIterator(const iterator& it)
		:_node(it._node)
	{}

	Ref operator*()
	{
		return _node->_data;
	}

	Ptr operator->()
	{
		return &_node->_data;
	}

	bool operator!=(const Self& s) const
	{
		return _node != s._node;
	}

	bool operator==(const Self& s) const
	{
		return _node == s._node;
	}

	Self& operator++()
	{
		if (_node->_right)
		{
			Node* rightmin = _node->_right;
			while (rightmin->_left)
			{
				rightmin = rightmin->_left;
			}
			_node = rightmin;
		}
		else
		{
			Node* cur = _node;
			Node* parent = _node->_parent;
			while (parent)
			{
				if (parent->_left == cur)
				{
					break;
				}
				else
				{
					cur = parent;
					parent = parent->_parent;
				}
			}
			_node = parent;
		}
		return *this;
	}

	Self& operator--()
	{
		if (_node->_left)
		{
			Node* leftmax = _node->_left;
			while (leftmax->_right)
			{
				leftmax = leftmax->_right;
			}
			_node = leftmax;
		}
		else
		{
			Node* cur = _node;
			Node* parent = cur->_parent;
			while (parent)
			{
				if (parent->_right == cur)
				{
					break;
				}
				else
				{
					cur = parent;
					parent = parent->_parent;
				}
			}
			_node = parent;
		}
		return *this;
	}
};

//set->RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
//map->RBTree<K, pair<K, V>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
template<class K, class T, class KeyOfT>
struct RBTree
{
	typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
public:
	//同一个类模板，传的不同的参数，实例化出的不同类型
	typedef __TreeIterator<T, T*, T&> iterator;
	typedef __TreeIterator<T, const T*, const T&> const_iterator;

	iterator begin()
	{
		Node* leftmin = _root;
		while (leftmin && leftmin->_left)
		{
			leftmin = leftmin->_left;
		}
		return iterator(leftmin);
	}

	iterator end()
	{
		return iterator(nullptr);
	}

	const_iterator end() const
	{
		return const_iterator(nullptr);
	}

	const_iterator begin() const
	{
		Node* leftmin = _root;
		while (leftmin && leftmin->_left)
		{
			leftmin = leftmin->_left;
		}
		return const_iterator(leftmin);
	}

	Node* Find(const K& key)
	{
		Node* cur = _root;
		KeyOfT kot;
		while (cur)
		{
			if (key < kot(cur->_data))
			{
				cur = cur->_left;
			}
			else if (key > kot(cur->_data))
			{
				cur = cur->_right;
			}
			else
			{
				return cur;
			}
		}
		return nullptr;
	}

	pair<iterator, bool> Insert(const T& data)
	{
		if (_root == nullptr)
		{
			_root = new Node(data);
			_root->_col = BLACK;
			return make_pair(iterator(_root), true);
		}

		Node* parent = nullptr;
		Node* cur = _root;

		KeyOfT kot;
		while (cur)
		{
			if (kot(cur->_data) < kot(data))
			{
				parent = cur;
				cur = cur->_right;
			}
			else if (kot(cur->_data) > kot(data))
			{
				parent = cur;
				cur = cur->_left;
			}
			else
			{
				return make_pair(iterator(cur), false);
			}
		}

		cur = new Node(data);
		cur->_col = RED;
		Node* newnode = cur;
		if (kot(parent->_data) < kot(data))
		{
			parent->_right = cur;
		}
		else
		{
			parent->_left = cur;
		}

		cur->_parent = parent;

		while (parent && parent->_col == RED)
		{
			Node* grandfather = parent->_parent;
			if (parent == grandfather->_left)
			{
				Node* uncle = grandfather->_right;
				// u存在且为红
				if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
				{
					// 变色
					parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
					grandfather->_col = RED;

					// 继续向上处理
					cur = grandfather;
					parent = cur->_parent;
				}
				else // u不存在 或 存在且为黑
				{
					if (cur == parent->_left)
					{
						//     g
						//   p
						// c
						RotateR(grandfather);
						parent->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}
					else
					{
						//     g
						//   p
						//		c
						RotateL(parent);
						RotateR(grandfather);

						cur->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}

					break;
				}
			}
			else // parent == grandfather->_right
			{
				Node* uncle = grandfather->_left;
				// u存在且为红
				if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
				{
					// 变色
					parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
					grandfather->_col = RED;

					// 继续向上处理
					cur = grandfather;
					parent = cur->_parent;
				}
				else
				{
					if (cur == parent->_right)
					{
						// g
						//	  p
						//       c
						RotateL(grandfather);
						grandfather->_col = RED;
						parent->_col = BLACK;
					}
					else
					{
						// g
						//	  p
						// c
						RotateR(parent);
						RotateL(grandfather);
						cur->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}

					break;
				}
			}
		}

		_root->_col = BLACK;

		return make_pair(iterator(newnode), true);
	}


	void RotateL(Node* parent)
	{
		Node* cur = parent->_right;
		Node* curleft = cur->_left;

		parent->_right = curleft;
		if (curleft)
		{
			curleft->_parent = parent;
		}

		cur->_left = parent;

		Node* ppnode = parent->_parent;

		parent->_parent = cur;


		if (parent == _root)
		{
			_root = cur;
			cur->_parent = nullptr;
		}
		else
		{
			if (ppnode->_left == parent)
			{
				ppnode->_left = cur;
			}
			else
			{
				ppnode->_right = cur;

			}

			cur->_parent = ppnode;
		}
	}


	void RotateR(Node* parent)
	{
		Node* cur = parent->_left;
		Node* curright = cur->_right;

		parent->_left = curright;
		if (curright)
			curright->_parent = parent;

		Node* ppnode = parent->_parent;
		cur->_right = parent;
		parent->_parent = cur;

		if (ppnode == nullptr)
		{
			_root = cur;
			cur->_parent = nullptr;
		}
		else
		{
			if (ppnode->_left == parent)
			{
				ppnode->_left = cur;
			}
			else
			{
				ppnode->_right = cur;
			}

			cur->_parent = ppnode;
		}
	}

	int Height()
	{
		return Height(_root);
	}

	int Height(Node* root)
	{
		if (root == nullptr)
			return 0;

		int leftHeight = Height(root->_left);
		int rightHeight = Height(root->_right);

		return leftHeight > rightHeight ? leftHeight + 1 : rightHeight + 1;
	}

	//判断颜色：根为黑色，不能出现连续红色节点
	bool checkcolor(Node* root, int blacknum, int benchmark)
	{
		if (root == nullptr)
		{
			if (blacknum != benchmark)
			{
				return false;
			}
			return true;
		}

		if (root->_col == BLACK)
		{
			++blacknum;
		}

		if (root->_col == RED && root->_parent && root->_parent->_col == RED)
		{
			cout << root->_kv.first << "出现连续红色节点" << endl;
			return false;
		}
		return checkcolor(root->_left, blacknum, benchmark)
			&& checkcolor(root->_right, blacknum, benchmark);
	}

	bool IsBalance()
	{
		return _IsBalance(_root);
	}

	bool _IsBalance(Node* root)
	{
		if (root == nullptr)
		{
			return true;
		}

		if (root->_col != BLACK)
		{
			return false;
		}

		int benchmark = 0;
		Node* cur = root;
		while (cur)
		{
			if (cur->_col == BLACK)
			{
				benchmark++;
			}
			cur = cur->_left;
		}

		return checkcolor(root, 0, benchmark);
	}
private:
	Node* _root = nullptr;

};

 

//MySet.h

#pragma once
#include"RBTree.h"

namespace star
{
	template<class K>
	class set
	{
		struct SetKeyOfT
		{
			const K& operator()(const K& key)
			{
				return key;
			}
		};

	public:
		typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator iterator;
		typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;

		const_iterator begin() const
		{
			return _t.begin();
		}

		const_iterator end() const
		{
			return _t.end();
		}

		pair<iterator, bool> insert(const K& key)
		{
			pair<typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::iterator, bool> ret = _t.Insert(key);
			return pair<iterator, bool>(ret.first, ret.second);//pair的构造函数将iterator构造成const iterator
		}
	private:
		RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
	};
}

 

//MyMap.h

#pragma once
#include"RBTree.h"

namespace star
{
	template<class K, class V>
	class map
	{
		struct MapKeyOfT
		{
			const K& operator()(const pair<K, V>& kv)
			{
				return kv.first;
			}
		};

	public:
		typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT>::iterator iterator;
		typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;

		iterator begin()
		{
			return _t.begin();
		}

		iterator end()
		{
			return _t.end();
		}

		const_iterator begin() const
		{
			return _t.begin();
		}

		const_iterator end() const
		{
			return _t.end();
		}

		V& operator[](const K& key)
		{
			pair<iterator, bool> ret = insert(make_pair(key, V()));
			return ret.first->second;
		}

		pair<iterator, bool> insert(const pair<K, V>& kv)
		{
			return _t.Insert(kv);
		}
	private:
		RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
	};
}