Spring依赖注入

一. Set注入

【环境搭建】
复杂类型

//使用了lombok插件直接生成get，set等方法
@Data
public class Address {
    private String address;
}

真实测试对象

//使用了lombok插件直接生成get，set等方法
@Data
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private Set<String> gams;
    private String wife;
    private Properties info;
}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="com.randy.pojo.Address">
        <property name="address" value="广东"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="student" class="com.randy.pojo.Student">
        <property name="name" value="Randy"/>
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>西游记</value>
                <value>三国演义</value>
                <value>水浒传</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>唱歌</value>
                <value>敲代码</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="姓名" value="恒哥"/>
                <entry key="性别" value="男"/>
                <entry key="年龄" value="22"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="gams">
            <set>
                <value>魂斗罗</value>
                <value>雪人兄弟</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <property name="wife">
            <null/>
        </property>
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="水果">苹果</prop>
                <prop key="饮料">奶茶</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试方法

@Test
    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student);
    }

二、拓展方式注入

可以用p命令和c命令进行注入
测试类：

//使用了lombok插件直接生成get，set等方法
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
}

使用方法：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="com.randy.pojo.User" p:name="Randy1" p:age="18"/>

    <bean id="user2" class="com.randy.pojo.User" c:name="Randy2" c:age="22"/>
</beans>

p命令：本质是property，需要用到无参构造方法创建和set方法赋值
c命令：本质是constructor-arg，需要用到有参构造方法直接创建

测试方法：

 @Test
    public void test2(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("userBeans.xml");
        User user = context.getBean("user2", User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

注意：p命令和c命令不能直接使用，需要导入xml约束

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"