Struts的Action中获取Request和response对象

Struts2利用ServletActionContext维护Servlet对象，把Servlet对象放到了ServletActionContext中，

例如request、response、session、application

ServletActionContext利用ThreadLocal维护不同线程的Servlet对象，这种方式叫做非注入式（非IOC）。

不推荐使用这种方式，会存在线程不安全风险。

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		ServletContext context = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();

2. 利用Aware接口：

 Struts2提供了Aware接口，Aware为”感知“的意思，实现了相关的Aware接口的Action能够感知相关的资源。在serveltConfig拦截器中，Struts2在实例化Action时，如果发现实现了相关的Aware接口，会把相关资源通过Aware注入进去。同时这种方式也是推荐的，因为可以保证线程安全。

3、看下ServletConfigInterceptor

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 */

package org.apache.struts2.interceptor;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.StrutsStatics;
import org.apache.struts2.servlet.interceptor.ServletPrincipalProxy;
import org.apache.struts2.util.ServletContextAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AbstractInterceptor;


/**
 * <!-- START SNIPPET: description -->
 *
 * An interceptor which sets action properties based on the interfaces an action implements. For example, if the action
 * implements {@link ParameterAware} then the action context's parameter map will be set on it.
 *
 * <p/> This interceptor is designed to set all properties an action needs if it's aware of servlet parameters, the
 * servlet context, the session, etc. Interfaces that it supports are:
 *
 * <ul>
 *
 * <li>{@link ServletContextAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link ServletRequestAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link ServletResponseAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link ParameterAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link RequestAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link SessionAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link ApplicationAware}</li>
 *
 * <li>{@link PrincipalAware}</li>
 *
 * </ul>
 *
 * <!-- END SNIPPET: description -->
 *
 * <p/> <u>Interceptor parameters:</u>
 *
 * <!-- START SNIPPET: parameters -->
 *
 * <ul>
 *
 * <li>None</li>
 *
 * </ul>
 *
 * <!-- END SNIPPET: parameters -->
 *
 * <p/> <u>Extending the interceptor:</u>
 *
 * <p/>
 *
 * <!-- START SNIPPET: extending -->
 *
 * There are no known extension points for this interceptor.
 *
 * <!-- END SNIPPET: extending -->
 *
 * <p/> <u>Example code:</u>
 *
 * <pre>
 * <!-- START SNIPPET: example -->
 * <action name="someAction" class="com.examples.SomeAction">
 *     <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>
 *     <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>
 *     <result name="success">good_result.ftl</result>
 * </action>
 * <!-- END SNIPPET: example -->
 * </pre>
 *
 * @see ServletContextAware
 * @see ServletRequestAware
 * @see ServletResponseAware
 * @see ParameterAware
 * @see SessionAware
 * @see ApplicationAware
 * @see PrincipalAware
 */
public class ServletConfigInterceptor extends AbstractInterceptor implements StrutsStatics {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 605261777858676638L;

    /**
     * Sets action properties based on the interfaces an action implements. Things like application properties,
     * parameters, session attributes, etc are set based on the implementing interface.
     *
     * @param invocation an encapsulation of the action execution state.
     * @throws Exception if an error occurs when setting action properties.
     */
    public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
        final Object action = invocation.getAction();
        final ActionContext context = invocation.getInvocationContext();

        if (action instanceof ServletRequestAware) {
            HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) context.get(HTTP_REQUEST);
            ((ServletRequestAware) action).setServletRequest(request);
        }

        if (action instanceof ServletResponseAware) {
            HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) context.get(HTTP_RESPONSE);
            ((ServletResponseAware) action).setServletResponse(response);
        }

        if (action instanceof ParameterAware) {
            ((ParameterAware) action).setParameters((Map)context.getParameters());
        }

        if (action instanceof ApplicationAware) {
            ((ApplicationAware) action).setApplication(context.getApplication());
        }
        
        if (action instanceof SessionAware) {
            ((SessionAware) action).setSession(context.getSession());
        }
        
        if (action instanceof RequestAware) {
            ((RequestAware) action).setRequest((Map) context.get("request"));
        }

        if (action instanceof PrincipalAware) {
            HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) context.get(HTTP_REQUEST);
            if(request != null) {
                // We are in servtlet environment, so principal information resides in HttpServletRequest
                ((PrincipalAware) action).setPrincipalProxy(new ServletPrincipalProxy(request));
            }
        }
        if (action instanceof ServletContextAware) {
            ServletContext servletContext = (ServletContext) context.get(SERVLET_CONTEXT);
            ((ServletContextAware) action).setServletContext(servletContext);
        }
        return invocation.invoke();
    }
}

常用做法是：

定义一个baseAction，实现需要的Aware，让其他action继承此接口。

<span style="font-size:18px;">public BaseAction implements ServletContextAware, ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware, SessionAware 
	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		try {
			request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	@Override
	public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
	}

	@Override
	public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
	}
	@Override
	public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {
		this.context = context;
	}
</span>