Handler详解_handerimg-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/RexLoveXia/article/details/51487254

Handler是什么?

Handler是Android提供用来更新UI的一套机制，也是一套处理消息的机制，通过Handler可以发送和处理消息

为什么要用Handler?

不是用Handler的不是行.Android在设计的时候，就封装了一套消息创建，传递，处理机制，如果不遵循这样的机制就没有办法更新UI信息的，就会抛出异常

Handler怎么用

sendMessage()
sendMessageDelayed()

//更新文本
private MyThreadText text;
private TextView tvStr;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tvStr = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvName);
text = new MyThreadText();
text.start();
}
public class MyThreadText extends Thread{
@Override
public void run()
{
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
Message msg = handlerText.obtainMessage();
msg.arg1=8;
msg.arg2=9;
Student student = new Student();
student.name = “传递消息”;
student.sex=’女’;
student.num = 603;
msg.obj = student;
handlerText.sendMessage(msg);
//msg.sendToTarget(); 这2种发送消息本质都是一样的，都是使用handler发送消息
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
post(Runnable)
postDelayld(Runnable，long)

//实现图片轮播
private Handler handlerImg = new Handler();
private myThread myThreadImg = new myThread();
private int[] num= {
R.drawable.tong1,R.drawable.tong2,R.drawable.tong3,R.drawable.tong4,R.drawable.tong5,
R.drawable.tong6
};
private int index;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
i img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
handlerImg.postDelayed(myThreadImg, 1000);
}
public class myThread implements Runnable
{
@Override
public void run()
{
index++;
index = index%6;
img.setImageResource(num[index]);
handlerImg.postDelayed(myThreadImg, 1000);
}
}

Android为什么要设计通过Handler机制更新UI?

最根本的目的就是解决多线程线程并发.
假设如果在一个Activity中，有多个线程去更新UI,并且都没有加锁机制,会引发一些问题,例如：
更新界面错乱：如果对更新UI的操作都进行加锁处理的话，又会产生什么样的问题.
性能下降：对于以上问题的考虑,Android为我们提供了一套更新UI的机制，我们只要遵循这样的机制就可以了.根本不用去关心多线程的问题，所以更新UI的操作，都是在主线程的消息队列当中去轮询处理的

Handler的原理是什么?

1.Handler封装了消息的发送,（主要包括消息发给谁）

Looper

1.内部包含一个消息队列也就是MessageQueue,所有的Handler发送的消息都走向这个消息队列

Looper.Looper方法，就是一个死循环,不断的从MessageQueue去消息,如果有消息，就处理消息，没有消息阻塞.

2.MessageQueue,就是一个消息队列，可以添加消息，并处理消息

3.Handler内部会跟Looper进行关联，也就说Handler的内部可以找到Looper,找到了Looper也就找到了，MeessageQueue,在Handler中发送消息，其实就是向MessageQueue队列中发送消息

总结:Handler负责发送消息,Looper负责接收Handler发送的消息,并直接把消息回传给Handler自己，MessgeQueue就是一个存储消息的容器

如何实现一个与线程相关的Handler

btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Message msg = handlerTruncation.obtainMessage();
msg.arg1 = 110;
handlerTruncation.sendMessage(msg);
}
});
private Handler handlerTruncation = new Handler(new Callback() {
@Override
public boolean handleMessage(Message msg)
{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), “截获消息”+msg.arg1, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return false;
}
});

HanlderThread是什么

解决多线程并发
private TextView textView;
private HandlerThread thread;
private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
textView = new TextView(this);
textView.setText(“handler Thread”);
setContentView(textView);
thread = new HandlerThread(“Handler thread”);
thread.start();
handler = new Handler(thread.getLooper())
{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg)
{
System.out.println(“”+Thread.currentThread());
}
};
handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
}

如何在主线程给子线程发送消息

public class FaceActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener
{
private Button btnStart,btnStop;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.fact);
btnStart = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStart);
btnStop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStop);
btnStart.setOnClickListener(this);
btnStop.setOnClickListener(this);
HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread(“handlerThread”);
handlerThread.start();
//创建子线程的handler
threadHandler= new Handler(handler.getLooper())
{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg)
{
Message mess = new Message();
System.out.println(“threadHandler”);
//向主线程发送信息
handler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(1, 1000);
}
};
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btnStart:
handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
break;
case R.id.btnStop:
handler.removeMessages(1);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private Handler threadHandler;
//主线程Handler
private Handler handler = new Handler()
{
public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg)
{
System.out.println(“MainThread”);
//向子线程发送消息
threadHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(1, 1000);
};
};
}

了解Android中更新UI的4种方式

public class TextActivity extends Activity
{
private TextView textView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.text);

    textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
    new Thread(){
        public void run() 
        {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);

                //Handler1();
                //Handler2();
                //Handler3();
                Handler4();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        };
    }.start();

}
private Handler handler = new Handler()
{

    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
        textView.setText("自动"); 
    };
};

public void Handler1()
{
    handler.post(new Runnable() {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            textView.setText("自动");     
        }
    });
}
public void Handler2()
{
    handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
}

public void Handler3()
{
    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            textView.setText("自动");
        }
    });
}
public void Handler4()
{
    textView.post(new Runnable() {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            textView.setText("自动");
        }
    });
}

}

非UI线程真的不能更新UI吗？

：其实在有些时候UI线程是可以更新UI的

new Thread(){
public void run()
{
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
text.settext(“Ok”);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
};
}.start()

使用Handler时遇到的问题

：Android.View.ViewRootImpl$CalledFromWrongThreadException:
Onlythe orignal thread that create a view hieracrchy can touch its views
:Cant’t create handler inside thread that has not called Loper.prepare()