About list view in android:
Android中关于列表的组件有多种,ScrollView(垂直方向)、HorizontalScrollView(水平方向)、ListView(垂直方向)、HorizontalListView(水平方向)以及RecyclerView(垂直+水平)。前2种大概用的很少了,一般固定静态数据用用还是可以的,中间2种自从RecyclerView出现后,使用也非常少了。今天主要介绍RecylerView的开发流程,通过简单这个简单实现,对比下跟前几种的不同与相同点。
Step 1:RecyclerView是放在V7包里面的,首先在Module:app下的build.gradle中导入依赖
// recycler view 依赖
implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.1'
Step 2: 简单布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/rv_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>
</LinearLayout>
Step 3: 创建activity,并初始化布局文件
setContentView(R.layout.activity_recycler_view);
mRecyclerView = findViewById(R.id.rv_view);
Step 4: 使用LinearLayoutManager来做个列表布局,并添加分割线
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//谷歌提供了一个DividerItemDecoration的实现类来实现分割线
//如果我们需要自定义分割线的效果,只需要自己实现ItemDecoration接口
DividerItemDecoration dividerItemDecoration = new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL);
mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(dividerItemDecoration);
Step 5: 模拟数据,这里创建了Fruit是类
// 模拟数据
dataList = new ArrayList<>();
Fruits fruits;
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i ++) {
fruits = new Fruits();
fruits.setName("Apple");
fruits.setDescription("Apple is my favourite fruit.");
dataList.add(fruits);
}
package com.example.demo.weimuyundemo.beans;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Objects;
public class Fruits implements Serializable {
private String name;
private String description;
public Fruits() {
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
Fruits fruits = (Fruits) o;
return Objects.equals(name, fruits.name) &&
Objects.equals(description, fruits.description);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(name, description);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Fruits{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", description='" + description + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
Step 6: 添加子文件布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:textColor="#DF000000"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/description"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@id/name"/>
</RelativeLayout>
Step 7: 重写Adapter,并初始化子布局文件
public class NewsAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {
private List<Fruits> list;
public NewsAdapter(List<Fruits> list) {
this.list = list;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View v;
v = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.recycler_item_view, null, false);
RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder;
viewHolder = new MyViewHolder(v);
return viewHolder;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
((MyViewHolder) holder).name.setText(list.get(position).getName());
((MyViewHolder) holder).description.setText(list.get(position).getDescription());
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return list.size();
}
}
Step 8: Adapter中使用了ViewHolder,为什么要使用它,在RecyclerView中使用和ListView中使用有什么不同吗?可以想一想,查看下官网文档,实际操作一番,可能印象更深刻。
class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
public TextView name, description;
public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
name = itemView.findViewById(R.id.name);
description = itemView.findViewById(R.id.description);
}
}
Step 9:运行看下效果
tip: RecyclerView除了能实现列表布局,还能实现网格布局、瀑布流布局,还支持垂直、水平配置,代码就不展示了,贴一张网格布局的效果图吧,感兴趣的话自己动手实现下。
RecyclerView因为其高度的解耦特性,大家都在用,很多配置属性自己多到官网上看看。
// 网格列表布局
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this,2);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);