Oracle函数

数值型函数

返回绝对值 abs(x)

ABS(X)
【功能】返回x的绝对值
【参数】x，数字型表达式
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs vhdl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abs</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>) , <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abs</span>(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>) from dual ;

  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">ABS</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">ABS</span>(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">---------- ----------</span>
       <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>        <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

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返回正负值 sign(x)

sign(x)
【功能】返回x的正负值
【参数】x，数字型表达式
【返回】数字，若为正值返回1，负值返回-1，0返回0

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sign(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)</span>, <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sign(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sign(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span> from dual ;

 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SIGN(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SIGN(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)</span>    <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SIGN(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>
---------- ---------- ----------
         1         -1          0</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回较大的最小整数 ceil(x)

ceil(x) 
【功能】返回大于等于x的最小整数值 
【参数】x，数字型表达式 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ceil(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>)</span> , <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ceil(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>+<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5.2</span>)</span>, <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ceil(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span> from dual ;

 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CEIL(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CEIL(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>+<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5.2</span>)</span>    <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CEIL(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>
---------- ------------- ----------
         4             9          0</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回较小的最大整数 floor(x)

floor(x) 
【功能】返回小于等于x的最大整数值 
【参数】x，数字型表达式 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">floor(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>)</span> , <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">floor(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>+<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5.2</span>)</span>, <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">floor(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span> from dual ;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">FLOOR(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">FLOOR(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.1</span>+<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5.2</span>)</span>   <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">FLOOR(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>
---------- -------------- ----------
         3              8          0</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回x的y次幂 power(x,y)

power(x,y) 
【功能】返回x的y次幂 
【参数】x，y 数字型表达式 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">power(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.5</span> ,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>, <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">power(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">power(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)</span> from dual ;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">POWER(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">POWER(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">POWER(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)</span>
------------ ------------ ------------
        6<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.25</span>            1         0<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.05</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【相近】exp(y) 
返回e的y次幂。（e为数学常量）

【关系】z=power(x,y),则y=1/log(z,x) (条件z,x>0)

---

返回常量e的y次幂 exp(y)

exp(y) 
【功能】返回e的y次幂（e为数学常量） 
【参数】y，数字型表达式 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">exp</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>) ,<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">exp</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>),<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">exp</span>(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>) from dual ;

    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">EXP</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>)     <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">EXP</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">EXP</span>(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>)
---------- ---------- ----------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20.0855369</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.04978706</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【相近】power(x,y) 
返回e的y次幂。

【相反】ln(y) 
返回e为底的自然对数。

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返回以x为底的y的对数 log(x,y)

【功能】返回以x为底的y的对数 
【参数】x，y,数字型表达式， 
【条件】x,y都必须大于0 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> power(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>) , <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">log</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>),<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>/<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">log</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>) from dual ;

POWER(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">LOG</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>) <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>/<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">LOG</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>)
---------- ---------- -----------
        <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>       <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.25</span>           <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> power(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>),<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">log</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">274.625</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>),<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>/<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">log</span>(power(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>),<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6.5</span>) from dual;

POWER(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">LOG</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">274.625</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>) <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>/<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">LOG</span>(POWER(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6.5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>),<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6.5</span>)
------------ -------------- -----------------------
     <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">274.625</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.195642520743</span>                       <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【相近】ln(y) 
返回e为底的y的对数。（e为数学常量）

【关系】z=power(x,y),则y=1/log(z,x) (条件z,x>0)

---

返回以e为底的y的对数（e为数学常量）

ln(y) 
【功能】返回以e为底的y的对数（e为数学常量） 
【参数】y，数字型表达式 (条件y>0) 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">exp(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">exp(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ln(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20.0855369</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ln(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.049787068</span>)</span> from dual;

    <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EXP(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>)</span>    <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EXP(-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LN(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20.0855369</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LN(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.049787068</span>)</span>
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------
20<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.0855369</span> 0<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.04978706</span> 2<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.999999998845</span> -3<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.000000007388</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

【相近】log(x,y) 
返回以x为底的y的对数

【相反】exp(y) 
返回e的y次幂

---

返回x除以y的余数 mod(x,y)

【功能】返回x除以y的余数 
【参数】x,y，数字型表达式 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs vbnet has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">mod</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">mod</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">24</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MOD</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>)  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MOD</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">24</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>)
---------- ----------
         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

返回四舍五入后的值 round(x[,y])

round(x[,y]) 
【功能】返回四舍五入后的值 
【参数】x,y，数字型表达式, 
如果y不为整数则截取y整数部分， 
如果y>0则四舍五入为y位小数， 
如果y小于0则四舍五入到小数点向左第y位。 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.6666</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.1</span>),<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.6666</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.6</span>),<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.6666</span>) from dual;

<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">ROUND</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.6666</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.1</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">ROUND</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.6666</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.6</span>) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">ROUND</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.6666</span>)
-------------------- --------------------- ----------------
             <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.67</span>                  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5600</span>             <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5556</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

【相近】trunc(x[,y]) 
返回截取后的值，用法同round(x[,y]),只是不四舍五入

---

返回x按精度y截取后的值 trun(x[,y])

【功能】返回x按精度y截取后的值 
【参数】x,y，数字型表达式,

如果y不为整数则截取y整数部分， 
如果y>0则截取到y位小数， 
如果y小于0则截取到小数点向左第y位，小数前其它数据用0表示。 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL>  <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">trunc(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.66666</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.1</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">trunc(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.66666</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.6</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">trunc(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.033333</span>)</span>  from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TRUNC(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.66666</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.1</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TRUNC(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.66666</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.6</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TRUNC(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.033333</span>)</span>
--------------------- ---------------------- ------------------
              5555<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.66</span>                   5500               5555</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

【相近】round(x[,y]) 
返回截取后的值，用法同trunc(x[,y]),只是要做四舍五入

---

返回x的平方根 sqrt(x)

sqrt(x) 
【功能】返回x的平方根 
【参数】x数字型表达式 
【返回】数字

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sqrt(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">64</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sqrt(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)</span> from dual;

  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SQRT(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">64</span>)</span>   <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SQRT(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)</span>
---------- ----------
         8 3<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.16227766</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

三角函数

SIN(x)

【功能】返回一个数字的正弦值

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select sin(1.57079) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SIN(1.57079)
------------</span>
0.9999999999</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

SIGH(x)

【功能】返回双曲正弦的值

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sin(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sinh(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span> from dual;

   <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SIN(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span>   <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SINH(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span>
---------- ----------
0<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.91294525</span> 242582597.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

COS(x)

【功能】返回一个给定数字的余弦

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select cos(-3.1415927) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COS(-3.1415927)
---------------</span>
-0.999999999999
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

COSH(x)

【功能】返回一个数字反余弦值

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select cosh(20) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">  COSH(20)
----------</span>
242582597.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

TAN

【功能返回数字的正切值

<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">tan</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>),<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">tan</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>) from dual;

   <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">TAN</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">TAN</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)
---------- ----------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.23716094</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.64836082</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

TANH

【功能返回数字n的双曲正切值

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">tanh(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">tan(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span> from dual;

  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TANH(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span>    <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TAN(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)</span>
---------- ----------
         1 2<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.23716094</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

ASIN(x)

【功能】给出反正弦的值 
【示例】select asin(0.5) from dual; 
返回：0.52359878

ACOS(x)

【功能】给出反余弦的值

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select asin(0.5) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> ASIN(0.5)
----------</span>
0.52359877
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

ATAN(x)

【功能】返回一个数字的反正切值

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  select atan(1) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">   ATAN(1)
----------</span>
0.78539816</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

字符型函数

返回字符表达式最左端字符的ASCII 码值 ASCII(x1)

ASCII(x1) 
【功能】：返回字符表达式最左端字符的ASCII 码值。 
【参数】：x1，字符表达式 
【返回】：数值型

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ascii(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'A'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">A</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ascii(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'a'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">a</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ascii(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">' '</span>)</span> space,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ascii(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'示'</span>)</span> hz from dual;

         <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">A</span>          <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">A</span>      SPACE         HZ
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
        65         97         32      51902</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【说明】在ASCII（）函数中，纯数字的字符串可不用‘’括起来，但含其它字符的字符串必须用‘’括起来使用，否则会出错。 
　　如果最左端是汉字，只取汉字最左半边字符的ASCII 码

【互反函数】：chr()

返回ASCII为x的字符 chr()

CHR(n1) 
【功能】：将ASCII 码转换为字符。 
【参数】：n1,为0 ~ 255，整数 
【返回】：字符型

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">chr</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">54740</span>) zhao,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">chr</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">65</span>) chr65 from dual;

ZHAO CHR65
---- -----
赵   A</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

【互反函数】：ASCII

---

连接两个字符串 concat(c1,c2)

CONCAT(c1,c2) 
【功能】连接两个字符串 
【参数】c1，c2 字符型表达式 
【返回】字符型 
同：c1||c2

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select concat(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'010-'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'88888888'</span>)||<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'转3456'</span> 电话号码 from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">电话号码
------------------</span>
010-88888888转3456</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

把每个单词的首字个字母变成大写 initcap(c1)

INITCAP(c1) 
【功能】返回字符串并将字符串的第一个字母变为大写，其它字母小写; 
【参数】c1字符型表达式 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select initcap(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'smith abc aBC'</span>) upp from dual ;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">UPP
-------------</span>
Smith Abc Abc</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

把整个字符串转换为小写 lower(c1)

LOWER(c1) 
【功能】：将字符串全部转为小写 
【参数】：c1，字符表达式 
【返回】：字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select lower(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'AaBbCcDd'</span>)AaBbCcDd from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AABBCCDD
--------</span>
aabbccdd</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

把整个字符串转换为大写 upper(c1)

UPPER(c1) 
【功能】将字符串全部转为大写 
【参数】c1，字符表达式 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL>  select upper(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'AaBbCcDd'</span>) upper from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">UPPER
--------</span>
AABBCCDD
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

---

把每个单词首个字母变为大写 nls_initcap(x[,y])

NLS_INITCAP(x[,y]) 
【功能】返回字符串并将字符串的第一个字母变为大写，其它字母小写; 
【参数】x字符型表达式 
【参数】Nls_param可选， 
查询数据级的NLS设置:select * from nls_database_parameters;

例如： 
指定排序的方式(nls_sort=) 。 
nls_sort=SCHINESE_RADICAL_M（部首、笔画） 
nls_sort=SCHINESE_STROKE_M（笔画、部首SCHINESE_PINYIN_M（拼音））

【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs mathematica has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select nls_initcap(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'ab cde'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test"</span>, nls_initcap(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'a c b d e'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'nls_sort= SCHINESE_PINYIN_M'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test1"</span> from dual;

test   test1
------ ---------
Ab Cde A <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">C</span> B <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">D</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">E</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs mathematica has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> select nls_initcap(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'ab cde'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test"</span>,nls_initcap(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'a c b d e'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'NLS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test1"</span> from dual;

test   test1
------ ---------
Ab Cde A <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">C</span> B <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">D</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">E</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

把整个字符串转换为小写 nls_lower(x[,y])

NLS_LOWER(x[,y]) 
【功能】返回字符串并将字符串的变为小写; 
【参数】x字符型表达式 
【参数】Nls_param可选，指定排序的方式(nls_sort=) 。 
SCHINESE_RADICAL_M（部首、笔画） 
SCHINESE_STROKE_M（笔画、部首SCHINESE_PINYIN_M（拼音）） 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> nls_LOWER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'ab cde'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test"</span>,nls_LOWER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'a c b d e'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'nls_sort= SCHINESE_PINYIN_M'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test1"</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

test   test1
------ ---------
ab cde a c b d e</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

把整个字符串转换为大写 nls_upper(x[,y])

NLS_UPPER(x[,y]) 
【功能】返回字符串并将字符串的转换为大写; 
【参数】x字符型表达式 
【参数】Nls_param可选，指定排序的方式(nls_sort=) 。 
SCHINESE_RADICAL_M（部首、笔画） 
SCHINESE_STROKE_M（笔画、部首SCHINESE_PINYIN_M（拼音）） 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs mathematica has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select NLS_UPPER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'ab cde'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test"</span>,NLS_UPPER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'a c b d e'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'nls_sort= SCHINESE_PINYIN_M'</span>) <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test1"</span> from dual;

test   test1
------ ---------
AB CDE A <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">C</span> B <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">D</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">E</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

字符串中搜索字符位置(全角算1字符) instr(C1,C2[,I[,J]])

INSTR(C1,C2[,I[,J]]) 
【功能】在一个字符串中搜索指定的字符,返回发现指定的字符的位置; 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按1个字符计算 
【参数】 
C1 被搜索的字符串 
C2 希望搜索的字符串 
I 搜索的开始位置,默认为1 
J 第J次出现的位置,默认为1 
【返回】数值

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select instr(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'oracle traning'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'ra'</span>,1,2) instring from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">  INSTRING
----------</span>
<span class="hljs-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;">         9</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> instr(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆某软件公司'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'某'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>),instrb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆某软件公司'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'某'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) instring <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

INSTR(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆某软件公司'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'某'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,   INSTRING
------------------------------ ----------
                             <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

字符串中搜索字符位置(全角算2字符) instrb(C1,C2[,I[,J]])

INSTRB(C1,C2[,I[,J]]) 
【功能】在一个字符串中搜索指定的字符,返回发现指定的字符的位置; 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按2个字符计算 
【参数】 
C1 被搜索的字符串 
C2 希望搜索的字符串 
I 搜索的开始位置,默认为1 
J 第J次出现的位置,默认为1 
【返回】数值

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> instr(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆某软件公司'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'某'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>),instrb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆某软件公司'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'某'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) instring <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

INSTR(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆某软件公司'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'某'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,   INSTRING
------------------------------ ----------
                             <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回字符串的长度（全角算1字符） length(c1)

LENGTH(c1) 
【功能】返回字符串的长度; 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按1个字符计算 
【参数】C1 字符串 
【返回】数值型

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'小工匠'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京市海锭区'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京TO_CHAR'</span>)</span> from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'小工匠'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京市海锭区'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京TO_CHAR'</span>)</span>
---------------- ---------------------- ---------------------
               3                      6                     9</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回字符串的长度（全角算2字符）lengthb(c1)

LENGTH(c1) 
【功能】返回字符串的长度; 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按2个字符计算 
【参数】C1 字符串 
【返回】数值型

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">lengthb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'小工匠'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">lengthb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京市海锭区'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">lengthb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京TO_CHAR'</span>)</span> from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTHB(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'小工匠'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTHB(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京市海锭区'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTHB(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京TO_CHAR'</span>)</span>
----------------- ----------------------- ----------------------
                6                      12                     11</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

返回字符串的长度（其他）lengthc(c1) length2(c1) length4(c1)

LENGTHC(c1).LENGTH2(c1).LENGTH4(c1) 
【功能】返回字符串的长度; 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按1个字符计算 
【参数】C1 字符串 
【返回】数值型

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'小工匠'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京市海锭区'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京TO_CHAR'</span>)</span> from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'小工匠'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京市海锭区'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京TO_CHAR'</span>)</span>
---------------- ---------------------- ---------------------
               3                      6                     9</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

Oracle中的字符函数中，有一类函数是求字符长度的函数，length、lengthB、lengthC、length2、length4几个函数中比较常用的是length、lengthB。

他们的含义分别是： 
Length函数返回字符的个数，使用定义是给定的字符集来计算字符的个数 
LENGTHB给出该字符串的byte 
LENGTHC使用纯Unicode 
LENGTH2使用UCS2 
LENGTH4使用UCS4

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span>, <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">lengthB(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">lengthC(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length2(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span>, <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">length4(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span>  from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTHB(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTHC(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH2(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LENGTH4(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'你好'</span>)</span>
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
             2               4               2               2               2</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

在左边添加字符 lpad(c1,n[,c2])

LPAD(c1,n[,c2]) 
【功能】在字符串c1的左边用字符串c2填充，直到长度为n时为止 
【参数】C1 字符串 
n 追加后字符总长度 
c2 追加字符串,默认为空格 
【返回】字符型 
【说明】如果c1长度大于n，则返回c1左边n个字符 
如果如果c1长度小于n，c2和c1连接后大于n，则返回连接后的右边n个字符

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  select lpad(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'杨'</span>,10,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'*'</span>) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LPAD('杨',10,'*')
-----------------</span>
*******<span class="hljs-strong" style="box-sizing: border-box;">*杨</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

不够字符则用*来填满

【相似】RPAD()在列的右边粘贴字符 
【相反】LTRIM() 删除左边出现的字符串

---

在右边添加字符 rpad(c1,n[,c2])

RPAD(c1,n[,c2]) 
【功能】在字符串c1的右边用字符串c2填充，直到长度为n时为止 
【参数】C1 字符串 
n 追加后字符总长度 
c2 追加字符串,默认为空格 
【返回】字符型 
【说明】如果c1长度大于n，则返回c1左边n个字符 
如果如果c1长度小于n，c1和c2连接后大于n，则返回连接后的左边n个字符 
如果如果c1长度小于n，c1和c2连接后小于n，则返回c1与多个重复c2连接(总长度>=n)后的左边n个字符

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  select rpad(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,10,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'*a'</span>) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RPAD('GAO',10,'*A')
-------------------</span>
gao*a*a*a*</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【相似】LPAD()在列的左边粘贴字符 
【相反】RTRIM() 删除右边出现的字符串

---

删除左边字符 ltrim(c1,[,c2])

LTRIM(c1,[,c2]) 
【功能】删除左边出现的字符串 
【参数】C1 字符串 
c2 追加字符串,默认为空格 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select LTRIM('   xiao gong jiang',' <span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">') text from dual;

</span><span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TEXT
---------------</span>
xiao gong jiang

或者

SQL> select ltrim('   xiao gong jiang') text from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TEXT
---------------</span>
xiao gong jiang


SQL> select ltrim(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'x   xiao gong jiang'</span> ,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'x'</span>) text from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TEXT
------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;">   xiao gong jiang</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>

---

删除右边字符 rtrim(c1,[,c2])

RTRIM(c1,[,c2]) 
【功能】删除右边出现的字符串 
【参数】C1 字符串 
c2 追加字符串,默认为空格 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  select RTRIM(' xiao gong jiang XXXX',<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'X'</span>) text from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TEXT
-----------------</span>
<span class="hljs-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> xiao gong jiang</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【相似】LTRIM()删除左边出现的字符串 
【相反】RPAD() 在列的右边粘贴字符

---

替换子串字符 replace(c1,c2[,c3])

REPLACE(c1,c2[,c3]) 
【功能】将字符表达式值中，部分相同字符串，替换成新的字符串 
【参数】 
c1 希望被替换的字符或变量 
c2 被替换的字符串 
c3 要替换的字符串，默认为空(即删除之意，不是空格) 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select replace(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'he love you'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'he'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'i'</span>) test from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TEST
----------</span>
i love you</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

字符串语音表示形式 soundex(c1)

SOUNDEX(c1) 
【功能】返回字符串参数的语音表示形式 
【参数】c1,字符型 
【返回】字符串 
【说明】相对于比较一些读音相同，但是拼写不同的单词是非常有用的。

计算语音的算法： 
　　1.保留字符串首字母，但删除a、e、h、i、o、w、y 
　　2.将下表中的数字赋给相对应的字母 
　　(1) 1：b、f、p、v 
　　(2) 2：c、g、k、q、s、x、z 
　　(3) 3：d、t 
　　(4) 4：l 
　　(5) 5：m、n 
　　(6) 6：r 
　　3. 如果字符串中存在拥有相同数字的2个以上（包含2个）的字母在一起（例如b和f），或者只有h或w，则删除其他的，只保留1个 
　　4.只返回前4个字节，不够用0填充

示例： 
　　

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'two'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'too'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'to'</span>)</span> from dual ;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'TWO'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'TOO'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'TO'</span>)</span>
-------------- -------------- -------------
T000           T000           T000</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'cap'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'cup'</span>)</span> from dual ;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'CAP'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'CUP'</span>)</span>
-------------- --------------
C100           C100</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'house'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">soundex(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'horse'</span>)</span> from dual ;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'HOUSE'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SOUNDEX(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'HORSE'</span>)</span>
---------------- ----------------
H200             H620</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

截取字符串（全角算1字符） substr(c1,n1[,n2])

SUBSTR(c1,n1[,n2]) 
【功能】取子字符串 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按1个字符计算 
【参数】在字符表达式c1里，从n1开始取n2个字符;若不指定n2,则从第y个字符直到结束的字串. 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select substr(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'1301234567890'</span>,3,8) test from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TEST
--------</span>
01234567
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

截取字符串（全角算2字符） substrb(c1,n1[,n2])

SUBSTRB(c1,n1[,n2]) 
【功能】取子字符串 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按2个字符计算 
【参数】在字符表达式c1里，从n1开始取n2个字符;若不指定n2,则从第y个字符直到结束的字串. 
【返回】字符型,如果从多字符右边开始,则用空格表示。

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substr(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'我手机13012345678'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'我手机13012345678'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'我手机13012345678'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>)</span> test from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUBSTR(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'我手机13012345678'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUBSTRB(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'我手机13012345678'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>, TEST
------------------------------ ------------------------------ -----------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">13012345678</span>                     机<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">13012345</span>                    手机<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1301234</span></span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

替换子字符 translate(c1,c2,c3)

TRANSLATE(c1,c2,c3) 
【功能】将字符表达式值中，指定字符替换为新字符 
【说明】多字节符(汉字、全角符等)，按1个字符计算 
【参数】 
c1 希望被替换的字符或变量 
c2 查询原始的字符集 
c3 替换新的字符集，将c2对应顺序字符，替换为c3对应顺序字符 
如果c3长度大于c2，则c3长出后面的字符无效 
如果c3长度小于c2，则c2长出后面的字符均替换为空(删除) 
如果c3长度为0，则返回空字符串。 
如果c2里字符重复，按首次位置为替换依据

【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'he love you'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'he'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'i'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'上海男'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的重庆'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京男士们'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的重庆'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'1北京男士们'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>  TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'1重庆的重庆'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'北京男士们'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'HELOVEYOU'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'HE'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'I'</span> TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的'</span>, TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的重 TRANSLATE('</span>重庆的人<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">','</span>重庆的重 TRANSLATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'重庆的人'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'1重庆的?
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
i lov you                      上海男人                       北京男人                       1北京人                        京男士人
</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

---

删除左边和右边字符串 trim(c1 from c2)

TRIM(c1 from c2) 
【功能】删除左边和右边出现的字符串 
【参数】C2 删除前字符串 
c1 删除字符串,默认为空格 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> TRIM(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'X'</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'XXXxiao gong jiangXXXX'</span>),TRIM(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'X'</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'XXXxiaoXXgongXXXX'</span>) text <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

TRIM(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'X'</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">FROM</span><span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'XXXXIAOGONGJIANGX TEXT
------------------------------ ----------
xiao gong jiang                xiaoXXgong</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

日期函数

返回系统当前日期 sysydate

sysdate 
【功能】：返回当前日期。 
【参数】：没有参数，没有括号 
【返回】：日期

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select sysdate from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SYSDATE
-----------</span>
2016-5-25 0</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回指定月数的日期 add_months()

add_months(d1,n1) 
【功能】：返回在日期d1基础上再加n1个月后新的日期。 
【参数】：d1，日期型，n1数字型 
【返回】：日期

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate ,add_months(sysdate,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual ;

SYSDATE     ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>)
----------- ---------------------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">00</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">27</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">59</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

返回本月最后一天的日期 last_day()

last_day(d1) 
【功能】：返回日期d1所在月份最后一天的日期。 
【参数】：d1，日期型 
【返回】：日期

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate , last_day(sysdate) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual ;

SYSDATE     LAST_DAY(SYSDATE)
----------- -----------------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">00</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回两个日期间隔月数 months_between

months_between(d1,d2) 
【功能】：返回日期d1到日期d2之间的月数。 
【参数】：d1，d2 日期型

【返回】：数字 
如果d1>d2，则返回正数 
如果d1

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate , <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">months_between(sysdate ,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_date(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2016-12-25'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'YYYY-MM-DD'</span>)</span>)</span>,  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">months_between(sysdate ,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_date(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2015-05-25'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'YYYY-MM-DD'</span>)</span>)</span> from dual ;

SYSDATE     <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,TO_DATE <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,TO_DATE
----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>                             -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>                             <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span></span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回时区的对应时间 new_time()

NEW_TIME(dt1,c1,c2) 
【功能】：给出时间dt1在c1时区对应c2时区的日期和时间 
【参数】：dt1，d2 日期型

【返回】：日期时间

【参数】：c1,c2对应的 时区及其简写 
大西洋标准时间：AST或ADT 
阿拉斯加_夏威夷时间：HST或HDT 
英国夏令时：BST或BDT 
美国山区时间：MST或MDT 
美国中央时区：CST或CDT 
新大陆标准时间：NST 
美国东部时间：EST或EDT 
太平洋标准时间：PST或PDT 
格林威治标准时间：GMT 
Yukou标准时间：YST或YDT

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss'</span>)</span> bj_time,
  2  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">new_time(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'PDT'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'GMT'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss'</span>)</span> los_angles from dual;

BJ_TIME             LOS_ANGLES
------------------- -------------------
2016<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.05</span><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.25</span> 00<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box;">:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">48</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">56</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016.05</span>.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">07</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">48</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">56</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate bj_time,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  new_time(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'PDT'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'GMT'</span>) los_angles <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

BJ_TIME     LOS_ANGLES
----------- -----------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

---

四舍五入后的日期第一天 round()

round(d1[,c1]) 
【功能】：给出日期d1按期间(参数c1)四舍五入后的期间的第一天日期（与数值四舍五入意思相近） 
【参数】：d1日期型,c1为字符型(参数)，c1默认为j（即最近0点日期) 
【参数表】：c1对应的参数表: 
最近0点日期: 取消参数c1或j 
最近的星期日：day或dy或d 
最近月初日期：month或mon或mm或rm 
最近季日期：q 
最近年初日期：syear或year或yyyy或yyy或yy或y(多个y表示精度) 
最近世纪初日期：cc或scc

<code class="hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select sysdate 当时日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  <span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(sysdate) 最近<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>点日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  <span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(sysdate,'<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">day</span>') 最近星期日,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  <span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(sysdate,'<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">month</span>') 最近月初,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>  <span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(sysdate,'q') 最近季初日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>  <span class="hljs-command" style="box-sizing: border-box;">round</span>(sysdate,'<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">year</span>') 最近年初日期 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

当时日期    最近<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>点日期 最近星期日  最近月初    最近季初日期 最近年初日期
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------</span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>   <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">22</span>   <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>     <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

---

返回日期所在期间的第一天 trunc()

trunc(d1[,c1]) 
【功能】：返回日期d1所在期间(参数c1)的第一天日期 
【参数】：d1日期型,c1为字符型(参数)，c1默认为j（即当前日期) 
【参数表】：c1对应的参数表: 
最近0点日期: 取消参数c1或j 
最近的星期日：day或dy或d (每周顺序：日，一，二，三，四，五，六） 
最近月初日期：month或mon或mm或rm 
最近季日期：q 
最近年初日期：syear或year或yyyy或yyy或yy或y(多个y表示精度) 
最近世纪初日期：cc或scc

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate 当时日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">trunc</span>(sysdate) 今天日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">trunc</span>(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'day'</span>) 本周星期日,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">trunc</span>(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'month'</span>) 本月初,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">trunc</span>(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'q'</span>) 本季初日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">trunc</span>(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'year'</span>) 本年初日期 from dual;

当时日期    今天日期    本周星期日  本月初      本季初日期  本年初日期
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>   <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">22</span>   <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

---

返回下周某一天的日期 next_day()

next_day(d1[,c1]) 
【功能】：返回日期d1在下周，星期几(参数c1)的日期 
【参数】：d1日期型,c1为字符型(参数)，c1默认为j（即当前日期) 
【参数表】：c1对应:星期一，星期二，星期三……星期日 
【返回】：日期

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate 当时日期,
  2  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期一'</span>)</span> 下周星期一,
  3  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期二'</span>)</span> 下周星期二,
  4  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期三'</span>)</span> 下周星期三,
  5  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期四'</span>)</span> 下周星期四,
  6  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期五'</span>)</span> 下周星期五,
  7  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期六'</span>)</span> 下周星期六,
  8  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">next_day(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'星期日'</span>)</span> 下周星期日 from dual;

当时日期    下周星期一  下周星期二  下周星期三  下周星期四  下周星期五  下周星期六  下周星期日
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
2016-5-25 0 2016-5-30 0 2016-5-31 0 2016-6-1 00 2016-5-26 0 2016-5-27 0 2016-5-28 0 2016-5-29 0</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>

---

提取时间日期中的数据 extract()

extract(c1 from d1) 
【功能】：日期/时间d1中，参数(c1)的值 
【参数】：d1日期型(date)/日期时间型(timestamp),c1为字符型(参数) 
【参数表】：c1对应的参数表详见示例 
【返回】：字符

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  extract(hour <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16 2:38:40 '</span> ) 小时,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  extract(minute <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16 2:38:40 '</span> ) 分钟,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  extract(second <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16 2:38:40 '</span> ) 秒,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>  extract(DAY <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16 2:38:40 '</span> ) 日,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>  extract(MONTH <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16 2:38:40 '</span> ) 月,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>  extract(YEAR <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16 2:38:40 '</span> ) 年
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>   <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

      小时       分钟         秒         日         月         年
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">38</span>         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">40</span>         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>       <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2001</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select extract (YEAR from date <span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'2001-2-16'</span> ) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EXTRACT(YEARFROMDATE'2001-2-16
------------------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;">                          2001</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> sysdate 当前日期,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  extract(DAY <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> sysdate ) 日,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  extract(MONTH <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> sysdate ) 月,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  extract(YEAR <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> sysdate ) 年
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>   <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

当前日期            日         月         年
----------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>       <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

---

返回会话中的时间和日期 localtimestamp

localtimestamp 
【功能】：返回会话中的日期和时间 
【参数】：没有参数，没有括号 
【返回】：日期

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select localtimestamp from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">LOCALTIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
25-MAY-16 06.55.31.054928 PM</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

返回当前会话时区中的当前日期和时间 current_timestamp

current_timestamp 
【功能】：以timestamp with time zone数据类型返回当前会话时区中的当前日期 
【参数】：没有参数，没有括号 
【返回】：日期

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> select current<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_timestamp from dual ;

</span><span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
25-MAY-16 06.58.09.388569 PM +08:00</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

返回数据库时区设置 dbtimezone

dbtimezone 
【功能】：返回时区 
【参数】：没有参数，没有括号 
【返回】：字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">
SQL> select dbtimezone from dual ;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">DBTIMEZONE
----------</span>
+08:00</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

返回当前会话时区 sessiontimezone

SESSIONTIMEZONE 
【功能】：返回会话时区 
【参数】：没有参数，没有括号 
【返回】：字符型

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> dbtimezone ,sessiontimezone <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual ;

DBTIMEZONE SESSIONTIMEZONE
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">00</span> +<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">00</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

变动日期时间数值 interval

INTERVAL c1 set1 
【功能】：变动日期时间数值 
【参数】：c1为数字字符串或日期时间字符串，set1为日期参数 
【参数表】：set1具体参照示例 
【返回】：日期时间格式的数值,前面多个+号 
以天或天更小单位时可用数值表达式借用，如1表示1天，1/24表示1小时，1/24/60表示1分钟

<code class="hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select  trunc(sysdate) ,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>' <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">second</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluse1sec, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加1秒(1/24/60/60)</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>' minute) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluse1min, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加1分钟(1/24/60)</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>' hour) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluse1hour , <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加1小时(1/24)</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(INTERVAL '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>' DAY) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluse1day,  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加1天(1)</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(INTERVAL '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>' MONTH) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluse1mon, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加1月</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(INTERVAL '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>' YEAR)<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluse1year, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加1年</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">02</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">03</span>' hour <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">second</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluseSpecTime1, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加指定小时到秒</span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">02</span>' minute <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">second</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluseSpecTime2, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加指定分钟到秒</span>
 <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">02</span>' hour <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> minute) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluseSpecTime3, <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加指定小时到分钟</span>
 <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>  trunc(sysdate)+(interval '<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">02</span>' <span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">day</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> minute) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> pluseSpecTime4 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--加指定天数到分钟</span>
 <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> dual;

TRUNC(SYSDATE) PLUSE1SEC PLUSE1MIN PLUSE1HOUR PLUSE1DAY PLUSE1MON PLUSE1YEAR PLUSESPECTIME1 PLUSESPECTIME2 PLUSESPECTIME3 PLUSESPECTIME4
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------</span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">26</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">06</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2017</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2016</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">27</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>

</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>

---

转换函数

字符串转为rowid值 chartorowid(c1)

chartorowid(c1) 。。 
【功能】转换varchar2类型为rowid值 
【参数】c1,字符串，长度为18的字符串，字符串必须符合rowid格式 
【返回】返回rowid值

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> SELECT chartorowid(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'AAAADeAABAAAAZSAAA'</span>) FROM DUAL;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CHARTOROWID('AAAADEAABAAAAZSAA
------------------------------</span>
AAAADeAABAAAAZSAAA</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

【说明】 
在Oracle中，每一条记录都有一个rowid，rowid在整个数据库中是唯一的，rowid确定了每条记录是在Oracle中的哪一个数据文件、块、行上。 
在重复的记录中，可能所有列的内容都相同，但rowid不会相同.

---

rowid的值转换为字符串 rowidtochar(rowid)

ROWIDTOCHAR(rowid) 。。 
【功能】转换rowid值为varchar2类型 
【参数】rowid,固定参数 
【返回】返回长度为18的字符串

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select rowidtochar(rowid) from dual ;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ROWIDTOCHAR(ROWID)
------------------</span>
AAAAECAABAAAAgqAAA
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

【说明】 
在Oracle中，每一条记录都有一个rowid，rowid在整个数据库中是唯一的，rowid确定了每条记录是在Oracle中的哪一个数据文件、块、行上。 
在重复的记录中，可能所有列的内容都相同，但rowid不会相同.

---

字符串语言字符集转换 convert(c1,set1,set2)

CONVERT(c1,set1,set2) 
【功能】将源字符串c1 从一个语言字符集set2转换到另一个目的set1字符集 
【参数】c1,字符串，set1,set2为字符型参数 
【返回】字符串

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select convert(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'strutz'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'we8hp'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'f7dec'</span>) "conversion" from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">conversion
----------</span>
strutz</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select convert(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'strutz'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'we8hp'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'f7dec'</span>)  as conversion from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CONVERSION
----------</span>
strutz</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

十六进制构成的字符串转换为二进制 HEXTORAW(c1)

HEXTORAW(c1) 
【功能】将一个十六进制构成的字符串转换为二进制 
【参数】c1,十六进制的字符串 
【返回】字符串

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select HEXTORAW(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'A123'</span>)  from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HEXTORAW('A123')
----------------</span>
A123</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

二进制构成的字符串转换为十六进制 rawtohex(c1)

RAWTOHEX(c1) 
【功能】将一个二进制构成的字符串转换为十六进制 
【参数】c1,二进制的字符串 
【返回】字符串

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select rawtohex(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'A123'</span>) from dual ;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RAWTOHEX('A123')
----------------</span>
41313233</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

将日期或数据转换为char数据类型TO_CHAR(x[[,c2],C3])

【功能】将日期或数据转换为char数据类型 
【参数】 
x是一个date或number数据类型。 
c2为格式参数 
c3为NLS设置参数 
如果x为日期nlsparm=NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE 控制返回的月份和日份所使用的语言。 
如果x为数字nlsparm=NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS 用来指定小数位和千分位的分隔符，以及货币符号。 
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS =”dg”, NLS_CURRENCY=”string” 
【返回】varchar2字符型

【说明1】x为数据型时

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">to_char(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1210.73</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'9999.9'</span>) 返回 <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'1210.7'</span> 
to_char(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1210.73</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'9,999.99'</span>) 返回 <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'1,210.73'</span> 
to_char(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1210.73</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'$9,999.00'</span>) 返回 <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'$1,210.73'</span> 
to_char(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'000099'</span>) 返回 <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'000021'</span> 
to_char(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">852</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'xxxx'</span>) 返回<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">' 354'</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

【说明2】x为日期型,c2可用参数

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;"><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'d'</span>)</span> 每周第几天 
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'dd'</span>)</span> 每月第几天 
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'ddd'</span>)</span> 每年第几天 
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'ww'</span>)</span> 每年第几周 
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'mm'</span>)</span> 每年第几月 
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'q'</span>)</span> 每年第几季 
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">to_char(sysdate,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyy'</span>)</span> 年</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

【示例】带C3示例

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select to<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_char(to_</span>date(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'2016-06-02'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyy-mm-dd'</span>),<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'day'</span>,<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American'</span>) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TO_CHAR(TO_DATE('2016-06-02','
------------------------------</span>
thursday</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

字符串转换为日期型 TO_DATE(X[,c2[,c3]])

【功能】将字符串X转化为日期型 
【参数】c2,c3,字符型，参照to_char() 
【返回】字符串

如果x格式为日期型(date)格式时，则相同表达：date x 
如果x格式为日期时间型(timestamp)格式时，则相同表达：timestamp x

【相反】 to_char(date[,c2[,c3]])

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> to_date(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'199912'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyymm'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  to_date(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2000.05.20'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyy.mm.dd'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>  (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">date</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2008-12-31'</span>) XXdate,
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>  to_date(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2008-12-31 12:31:30'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'</span>),
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>  (timestamp <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2008-12-31 12:31:30'</span>) XXtimestamp
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>  from dual;

TO_DATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'199912'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'YYYYMM'</span>) TO_DATE(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'2000.05.20'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'YYYY.MM. XXDATE TO_DATE('</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2008</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3112</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span><span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">','</span> XXTIMESTAMP
<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--------------------------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------------------------------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-----------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------------------------------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1999</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>      <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2000</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>          <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2008</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2008</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-DEC</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12.31</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.30</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.000000000</span> PM
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>

---

字符串转换为字符型TO_NUMBER(X[[,c2],c3])

TO_NUMBER(X[[,c2],c3]) 
【功能】将字符串X转化为数字型 
【参数】c2,c3,字符型，参照to_char() 
【返回】数字串 
【相反】 to_char(date[[,c2],c3])

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TO_NUMBER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'199912'</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TO_NUMBER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'450.05'</span>)</span> from dual;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TO_NUMBER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'199912'</span>)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TO_NUMBER(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'450.05'</span>)</span>
------------------- -------------------
             199912              450<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.05</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">转换为16进制。 
TO<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_CHAR(100,'XX')= 64 

</span>SQL> select TO<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_CHAR(100,'XX') from dual ;

</span><span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">TO_CHAR(100,'XX')
-----------------</span>
<span class="hljs-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 64</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

---

半角转化为全角TO_MULTI_BYTE(c1)

TO_MULTI_BYTE(c1) 
【功能】将字符串中的半角转化为全角 
【参数】c1,字符型 
【返回】字符串

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select to<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_multi_</span>byte(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'高A'</span>) text from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">test
--</span>
高Ａ</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

全角转化为半角to_single_byte(c1)

to_single_byte(c1) 
【功能】将字符串中的全角转化为半角 
【参数】c1,字符型 
【返回】字符串

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select to<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_multi_</span>byte(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'高Ａ'</span>) text from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">test
----</span>
高A</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

字符集名称转换为ID nls_charset_id(c1)

nls_charset_id(c1) 
【功能】返回字符集名称参应id值 
【参数】c1,字符型 
【返回】数值型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select nls<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_charset_</span>id(<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'zhs16gbk'</span>) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">NLS_CHARSET_ID('ZHS16GBK')
--------------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;">                       852</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

字符集ID转换为名称 nls_charset_name(n1)

nls_charset_name(n1) 
【功能】返回字符集名称参应id值 
【参数】n1,数值型 
【返回】字符型

<code class="hljs asciidoc has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> select nls<span class="hljs-emphasis" style="box-sizing: border-box;">_charset_</span>name(852) from dual;

<span class="hljs-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;">NLS_CHARSET_NAME(852)
---------------------</span>
ZHS16GBK</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

聚组函数

---

统计平均值 AVG([distinct|all]x)

AVG([distinct|all]x) 
【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的平均值。 
【参数】all表示对所有的值求平均值,distinct只对不同的值求平均值，默认为all 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开。 
【参数】x，只能为数值型字段 
【返回】数字值

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> create <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">table3(xm <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">varchar(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>)</span>,sal <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">number(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>)</span>;

<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Table</span> created
SQL> insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;

1 row inserted
SQL> insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;

1 row inserted
SQL> insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>)</span>;

1 row inserted
SQL> commit;

Commit complete

SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> * from table3 ;

XM         SAL
-------- ---------
gao    1111<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.11</span>
gao    1111<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.11</span>
zhu     5555<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.55</span>

SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">avg(all sal)</span>   ,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">avg(distinct sal)</span> , <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">avg(sal)</span> from table3;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AVG(ALLSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AVG(DISTINCTSAL)</span>   <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AVG(SAL)</span>
----------- ---------------- ----------
    2592<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.59</span>          3333<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.33</span>    2592<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.59</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li></ul>

---

统计合计值 SUM([distinct|all]x)

【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的合计值。 
【参数】all表示对所有的值求合计值,distinct只对不同的值求合计值，默认为all 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开。 
【参数】x，只能为数值型字段 
【返回】数字值

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">环境：
create <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">table3(xm <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">varchar(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>)</span>,sal <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">number(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>)</span>;
commit;

执行统计：
SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(distinct sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(all sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(sal)</span> from table3;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(DISTINCTSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(ALLSAL)</span>   <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(SAL)</span>
---------------- ----------- ----------
         6666<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.66</span>     7777<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.77</span>    7777<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.77</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>

---

统计标准误差 STDDEV([distinct|all]x)

【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的标准误差。 
【参数】all表示对所有的值求标准误差,distinct只对不同的值求标准误差，默认为all 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开。 
【参数】x，只能为数值型字段 
【返回】数字值

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">【示例】
环境：
create <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">table3(xm <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">varchar(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>)</span>,sal <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">number(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>)</span>;
commit;

执行统计：
SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">STDDEV(distinct sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">STDDEV(all sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">STDDEV(sal)</span> from table3;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">STDDEV(DISTINCTSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">STDDEV(ALLSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">STDDEV(SAL)</span>
------------------- -------------- -----------
   3142<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.69366257674</span> 2565<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.998630397</span> 2565<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.998630</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>

---

统计方差 VARIANCE([distinct|all]x)

【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的方差。 
【参数】all表示对所有的值求方差,distinct只对不同的值求方差，默认为all 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开。 
【参数】x，只能为数值型字段 
【返回】数字值

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">环境：
create <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">table3(xm <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">varchar(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>)</span>,sal <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">number(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>)</span>;
insert into table3 <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">values(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>)</span>;
commit;

执行统计：
SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">VARIANCE(distinct sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">VARIANCE(all sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">VARIANCE(sal)</span> from table3;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">VARIANCE(DISTINCTSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">VARIANCE(ALLSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">VARIANCE(SAL)</span>
--------------------- ---------------- -------------
         9876523<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.4568</span>     6584348<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.9712</span>  6584348<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.9712</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>

---

统计查询所得的行数 count(*|[distinct|all]x)

count(*|[distinct|all]x) 
【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的合计值。 
【参数】 
*表示对满足条件的所有行统计，不管其是否重复或有空值(NULL) 
all表示对所有的值统计,默认为all 
distinct只对不同的值统计， 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开，均忽略空值(NULL)。 
【参数】x，可为数字、字符、日期型及其它类型的字段 
【返回】数字值

<code class="hljs sql has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">【示例】
环境：
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">create</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> table3(xm <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">varchar</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>),sal <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>));</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">''</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">count(*)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">count(xm)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">count(all xm)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">count(distinct sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">count(all sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">count(sal)</span>,<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)</span> from table3;

  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COUNT(*)</span>  <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COUNT(XM)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COUNT(ALLXM)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COUNT(DISTINCTSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COUNT(ALLSAL)</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">COUNT(SAL)</span>     <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SUM(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)</span>
---------- ---------- ------------ ------------------ ------------- ---------- ----------
         5          4            4                  3             5          5          5</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

统计最大值 MAX([distinct|all]x)

【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的最大值。 
【参数】all表示对所有的值求最大值,distinct只对不同的值求最大值，默认为all 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开。 
【参数】x，可为数字、字符或日期型字段 
【返回】对应x字段类型

<code class="hljs sql has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">环境：
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">create</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> table3(xm <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">varchar</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>),sal <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>));</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">''</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">commit</span>;</span>



</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MAX</span>(distinct sal),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MAX</span>(xm) from table3;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MAX</span>(DISTINCTSAL) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MAX</span>(XM)
<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">----------------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--------</span>
         <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span> zhu
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

---

统计最小值 MIN([distinct|all]x)

【功能】统计数据表选中行x列的最小值。

【参数】all表示对所有的值求最小值,distinct只对不同的值求最小值，默认为all 
如果有参数distinct或all，需有空格与x(列)隔开。

【参数】x，可为数字、字符或日期型字段

【返回】对应x字段类型 
注：字符型字段，将忽略空值(NULL)

<code class="hljs sql has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">环境：
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">create</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">table</span> table3(xm <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">varchar</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>),sal <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>));</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'gao'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5555.55</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">''</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1111.11</span>);</span>
<span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">insert</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> table3 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">values</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'zhu'</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">SQL<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(distinct sal),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(xm),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(distinct xm),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(<span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">all</span> xm) from table3;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(DISTINCTSAL) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(XM) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(DISTINCTXM) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MIN</span>(ALLXM)
<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">----------------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">---------------</span> <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">----------</span>
               <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> gao  gao         gao</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

---

其它函数

为空值赋值 nvl() nvl2()

nvl()

【语法】NVL (expr1, expr2) 【功能】若expr1为NULL，返回expr2；expr1不为NULL，返回expr1。 
注意两者的类型要一致

nvl2():

【语法】NVL2 (expr1, expr2, expr3) 
【功能】expr1不为NULL，返回expr2；expr2为NULL，返回expr3。 
expr2和expr3类型不同的话，expr3会转换为expr2的类型

条件取值 decode

decode(条件,值1,翻译值1,值2,翻译值2,…值n,翻译值n,缺省值)

【功能】根据条件返回相应值

【参数】c1, c2, …,cn,字符型/数值型/日期型，必须类型相同或null 注：值1……n 
不能为条件表达式,这种情况只能用case when then end解决

·含义解释：　　 
　

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">　decode(条件,值<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,翻译值<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,值<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>,翻译值<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>值n,翻译值n,缺省值)　</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

　　该函数的含义如下：　　 
　　IF 条件=值1 THEN 
　　RETURN(翻译值1) 
　　ELSIF 条件=值2 THEN 
　　RETURN(翻译值2) 
　　…… 
　　ELSIF 条件=值n THEN 
　　RETURN(翻译值n)　　 
　　ELSE 
　　RETURN(缺省值) 
　　END IF 
或者： 
　when case 条件=值1 THEN 
　　RETURN(翻译值1) 
　　ElseCase 条件=值2 THEN 
　　RETURN(翻译值2) 
　　…… 
　　ElseCase 条件=值n THEN 
　　RETURN(翻译值n)　　 
　　ELSE 
　　RETURN(缺省值) 
　　END

【示例】 
　　·使用方法：　　 
　　1、比较大小　　 
　　select decode(sign(变量1-变量2),-1,变量1,变量2) from dual; –取较小值 
　　sign()函数根据某个值是0、正数还是负数，分别返回0、1、-1　　 
　　例如： 
　　变量1=10，变量2=20 
　　则sign(变量1-变量2)返回-1，decode解码结果为“变量1”，达到了取较小值的目的。 
　　 
　　2、表、视图结构转化　　 
　　现有一个商品销售表sale，表结构为：　　 
　

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">　month　　　 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>)　　　　　 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--月份</span>
　　sell　　　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--月销售金额　</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

　 
　　现有数据为：　　 
　

<code class="hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">　200001　　1000
　　200002　　1100
　　200003　　1200
　　200004　　1300
　　200005　　1400
　　200006　　1500
　　200007　　1600
　　200101　　1100
　　200202　　1200
　　200301　　1300</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

　　 
　　想要转化为以下结构的数据：　　

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">　　year　　　<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>)　　　　　 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--年份</span>
　　month1　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--1月销售金额</span>
　　month2　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--2月销售金额</span>
　　month3　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--3月销售金额</span>
　　month4　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--4月销售金额</span>
　　month5　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--5月销售金额</span>
　　month6　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--6月销售金额</span>
　　month7　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--7月销售金额</span>
　　month8　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--8月销售金额</span>
　　month9　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--9月销售金额</span>
　　month10　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--10月销售金额</span>
　　month11　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--11月销售金额</span>
　　month12　　<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">number</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)　　　<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--12月销售金额</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>

　　 
　　结构转化的SQL语句为： 
　　 
　

<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal;">　create or replace view
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">v_sale(year,month1,month2,month3,month4,month5,month6,　　
　　month7,month8,month9,month10,month11,month12)</span>
　　as
　　<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">select</span>
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'01'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'02'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'03'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'04'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'05'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'06'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'07'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'08'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'09'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'10'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'11'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>,
　　<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">decode(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'12'</span>,sell,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>)</span>
　　from sale
　　group by <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">substrb(month,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>)</span>;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>