【JAVA Object类】

Object类

在Java中Object类是所有类的父类，也就是说Java的所有类都继承了Object。子类可以使用Object的所有方法

public class Person01 {
    private String nickname;
    private int age;
    private int gender;

    public Person01() {
    }
    public Person01(String nickname, int age, int gender) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public String getNickname() {
        return nickname;
    }
    public void setNickname(String nickname) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public int getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(int gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
}

输出对象的引用时，实际上调用的是当前对象的toString方法

public class Person01Test {
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Person01 person01 = new Person01();
        System.out.println(person01);
    }
    @Test
    public void test02(){
        Person01 person01 = new Person01();
        System.out.println(person01.toString());
    }
}

输出该类的完全限定名（包名+类名+地址符号）

com.lihaozhe.bean.Person01@1e4a7dd4

重写Object类的toString方法

public class Person02 {
    private String nickname;
    private int age;
    private int gender;
    public Person02() {
    }
    public Person02(String nickname, int age, int gender) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public String getNickname() {
        return nickname;
    }
    public void setNickname(String nickname) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public int getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(int gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
       // return this.getClass().getSimpleName();初始写法
        return "Person02(nickname="+this.nickname+",age="+this.age+",gender="+this.gender+")";
    }
}

给实例化对象赋值

public class Person02Test {
    @Test
    public void test02(){
        Person02 Person02 = new Person02("张三",18,1);
        System.out.println(Person02.toString());
    }
}

输出

Person02(nickname=张三,age=18,gender=1)

Object类的hashCode方法

源代码

    /**
     * Returns a string representation of the object.
     * @apiNote
     * In general, the
     * {@code toString} method returns a string that
     * "textually represents" this object. The result should
     * be a concise but informative representation that is easy for a
     * person to read.
     * It is recommended that all subclasses override this method.
     * The string output is not necessarily stable over time or across
     * JVM invocations.
     * @implSpec
     * The {@code toString} method for class {@code Object}
     * returns a string consisting of the name of the class of which the
     * object is an instance, the at-sign character `{@code @}', and
     * the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the hash code of the
     * object. In other words, this method returns a string equal to the
     * value of:
     * <blockquote>
     * <pre>
     * getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())
     * </pre></blockquote>
     *
     * @return  a string representation of the object.
     */
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(hashCode());
    }

    /**
     * Returns a hash code value for the object. This method is
     * supported for the benefit of hash tables such as those provided by
     * {@link java.util.HashMap}.
     * <p>
     * The general contract of {@code hashCode} is:
     * <ul>
     * <li>Whenever it is invoked on the same object more than once during
     *     an execution of a Java application, the {@code hashCode} method
     *     must consistently return the same integer, provided no information
     *     used in {@code equals} comparisons on the object is modified.
     *     This integer need not remain consistent from one execution of an
     *     application to another execution of the same application.
     * <li>If two objects are equal according to the {@link
     *     equals(Object) equals} method, then calling the {@code
     *     hashCode} method on each of the two objects must produce the
     *     same integer result.
     * <li>It is <em>not</em> required that if two objects are unequal
     *     according to the {@link equals(Object) equals} method, then
     *     calling the {@code hashCode} method on each of the two objects
     *     must produce distinct integer results.  However, the programmer
     *     should be aware that producing distinct integer results for
     *     unequal objects may improve the performance of hash tables.
     * </ul>
     *
     * @implSpec
     * As far as is reasonably practical, the {@code hashCode} method defined
     * by class {@code Object} returns distinct integers for distinct objects.
     *
     * @return  a hash code value for this object.
     * @see     java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)
     * @see     java.lang.System#identityHashCode
     */
    @IntrinsicCandidate
    public native int hashCode();

调取类的hashCode值

ublic class Person03Test {
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Person03 person03 = new Person03();
        System.out.println(person03.hashCode());
        System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(person03.hashCode()));
        System.out.println(person03.toString());
    }
}

hashCode值输出一个十进制数然后把十进制数转换成一个十六进制数

1330754528
4f51b3e0
com.lihaozhe.bean.Person03@4f51b3e0

重写Object类的equals方法

重写equals方法的时候一定要重写hashCode方法
重写比较Object类与Person04类的属性值

public class Person04 {
    private String nickname;
    private int age;
    private int gender;
    public Person04() {
    }
    public Person04(String nickname, int age, int gender) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public String getNickname() {
        return nickname;
    }
    public void setNickname(String nickname) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public int getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(int gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return super.hashCode();
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        // 传进来的比较对象
        Person04 person04 = (Person04) obj;
        if(this.age!=person04.getAge()){
            return false;
        }else if (this.gender!=person04.getGender()){
            return false;
        }else if (!Objects.equals(this.nickname,person04.nickname)){
            return false;
        }else {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

=等号比较的是内存地址也就是hashCode的值
equals比较的是属性内容

public class Person04Test {
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Person04 person01 = new Person04("张三",18,1);
        Person04 person02 = new Person04("李四",28,0);
        System.out.println(person01==person02);
        System.out.println(person01.equals(person02));
    }
    @Test
    public void test02(){
        Person04 person01 = new Person04("张三",18,1);
        Person04 person02 = new Person04("张三",18,1);
        System.out.println(person01==person02);
        System.out.println(person01.equals(person02));
    }
}

输出

false
false
false
true

重写Object类的hashCode方法

传一个参考值reference=31；

public class Person05 {
    private String nickname;
    private int age;
    private int gender;
    public Person05() {
    }
    public Person05(String nickname, int age, int gender) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public String getNickname() {
        return nickname;
    }
    public void setNickname(String nickname) {
        this.nickname = nickname;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public int getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(int gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
   
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        // 传进来的比较对象
        // 向下转型
        Person05 person04 = (Person05) obj;
        if(this.age!=person04.getAge()){
            return false;
        }else if (this.gender!=person04.getGender()){
            return false;
        }else if (!Objects.equals(this.nickname,person04.nickname)){
            return false;
        }else {
            return true;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        // 设置一个参考值
        int reference = 31;
        return this.age+(this.gender+reference)+this.nickname.hashCode();
    }
}

比较hashCode的值

public class Person05Test {
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Person05 person01 = new Person05("张三",18,1);
        Person05 person02 = new Person05("李四",28,0);
        Person05 person03 = new Person05("张三",18,1);
        System.out.println(person01.hashCode());
        System.out.println(person02.hashCode());
        System.out.println(person03.hashCode());
    }
}

输出hashCode的值同时也可以判断出是否是同一个对象

774939
842120
774939

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