c++学习笔记
职工管理系统可以用来管理公司内所有员工的信息
本教程主要利用C++来实现一个基于多态的职工管理系统
公司中职工分为三类:普通员工、经理、老板,显示信息时,需要显示职工编号、职工姓名、职工岗位
管理系统中需要实现的功能如下:
●退出管理程序:退出当前管理系统
●增加职工信息:实现批量添加职工功能,将信息录入到文件中,职工信息为:职工编号、姓名、部门编号
●显示职工信息:显示公司内部所有职工的信息
●删除离职职工:按照编号删除指定的职工
●修改职工信息:按照编号修改职工个人信息
●查找职工信息:按照职工的编号或者职工的姓名进行查找相关的人员信息
●按照编号排序:按照职工编号,进行排序,排序规则由用户指定
●清空所有文档:清空文件中记录的所有职工信息(清空前需要再次确认,防止误删)
抽象职工类与其子类员工类、经理类、老板类分别用四个头文件保存。
//worker.h
//抽象职工类
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Worker
{
public:
virtual void ShowInfo() = 0;//展示员工信息
virtual string GetDeptName() = 0;//获取员工部门名称
int m_id;//员工编号
string m_name;//员工姓名
int m_dept;//员工部门
};
用具体职位类继承抽象职工类
//employee.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
#include "worker.h"
class Employee :public Worker
{
public:
Employee(int id, string name, int dept);
virtual void ShowInfo();
virtual string GetDeptName();
};
//manager.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
Manager(int id, string name, int dept);
virtual void ShowInfo();
virtual string GetDeptName();
};
//boss.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
Boss(int id, string name, int dept);
virtual void ShowInfo();
virtual string GetDeptName();
};
各个具体职位类的函数成员需要具体实现,抽象类由于是纯虚函数成员,不必实现,分别保存至对应的cpp文件中。
//employee.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#include"employee.h"
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int dept)
{
this->m_id = id;
this->m_name = name;
this->m_dept = dept;
}
void Employee::ShowInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_id << "\t"
<< "职工姓名:" << this->m_name << "\t"
<< "职工部门:" << this->GetDeptName() << endl;
}
string Employee::GetDeptName()
{
return "普通职工";
}
//manager.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#include"manager.h"
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int dept)
{
this->m_id = id;
this->m_name = name;
this->m_dept = dept;
}
void Manager::ShowInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_id << "\t"
<< "职工姓名:" << this->m_name << "\t"
<< "职工部门:" << this->GetDeptName() << endl;
}
string Manager::GetDeptName()
{
return "经理";
}
//boss.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#include "boss.h"
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int dept)
{
this->m_id = id;
this->m_name = name;
this->m_dept = dept;
}
void Boss::ShowInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_id << "\t"
<< "职工姓名:" << this->m_name << "\t"
<< "职工部门:" << this->GetDeptName() << endl;
}
string Boss::GetDeptName()
{
return "老板";
}
再提供一个workerManager类来存储顺序表与提供函数接口
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
#include "employee.h"
#include "manager.h"
#include "boss.h"
#include <fstream>
#define FILENAME "workerlist.txt"
class WorkerManager
{
public:
WorkerManager();
void ShowMenu();
void ExitSystem();
void AddWorker();
void Save();
bool m_FileEmpty;
int GetCounter();
void InitList();
int IsExist(int id);
void DeletWorker();
void ModifyWorker();
void SearchWorker();
void SortList();
void ClearList();
void ShowWorker();
~WorkerManager();
private:
Worker **workerList;
int counter;
};
其对应的函数实现存储在对应cpp文件中
//workerManager.cpp
#pragma once
#include"workerManager.h"
using namespace std;
WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
cout << "文件不存在!" << endl;
this->counter = 0;
this->workerList = NULL;
this->m_FileEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
char ch;
ifs >> ch;
if (ch = ifs.eof())
{
cout << "文件为空!" << endl;
this->counter = 0;
this->workerList = NULL;
this->m_FileEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
int num = this->GetCounter();
cout << "当前有" << num << "位职员" << endl;
this->counter = num;
this->workerList = new Worker *[this->counter];
this->InitList();
}
void WorkerManager::ShowMenu()
{
cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "- Welcome to the worker manager system! -" << endl;
cout << "------------- 0 - 退出系统 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 1 - 添加职工 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 2 - 显示职工 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 3 - 删除职工 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 4 - 修改职工 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 5 - 查找职工 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 6 - 职工排序 ------------" << endl;
cout << "------------- 7 - 清空职工 ------------" << endl;
cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
void WorkerManager::ExitSystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用!" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
void WorkerManager::AddWorker()
{
cout << "请输入要添加的职员个数:"<<endl;
int addNum;
cin >> addNum;
if (addNum > 0)
{
int newNum = addNum + this->counter;
Worker **newList = new Worker*[newNum];
if (this->workerList != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < counter; i++)
{
newList[i] = this->workerList[i];
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < addNum; i++)
{
int addId;
string addName;
int addDept;
cout << "请输入第" << i+1 << "个要添加的职员的编号:" << endl;
cin >> addId;
cout << "请输入第" << i+1 << "个要添加的职员的姓名:" << endl;
cin >> addName;
cout << "请输入第" << i+1 << "个要添加的职员的部门:" << endl;
cout << "1.普通员工 2.经理 3.老板" << endl;
cin >> addDept;
Worker *newWorker = NULL;
switch (addDept)
{
case 1:
newWorker = new Employee(addId, addName, 1);
break;
case 2:
newWorker = new Manager(addId, addName, 2);
break;
case 3:
newWorker = new Boss(addId, addName, 3);
break;
}
newList[i + this -> counter] = newWorker;
}
delete[] this->workerList;
this -> workerList = newList;
this -> counter = newNum;
cout << "添加完成!" << endl;
this->m_FileEmpty = false;
this->Save();
}
else
{
cout << "输入有误!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Save()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out);
for (int i = 0; i < this->counter; i++)
{
ofs << this->workerList[i]->m_id << " "
<< this->workerList[i]->m_name << " "
<< this->workerList[i]->m_dept<<endl;
}
ofs.close();
}
int WorkerManager::GetCounter()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ifs.in);
int num = 0;
int id;
string name;
int dept;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dept)
{
num++;
}
return num;
}
void WorkerManager::InitList()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
int id;
string name;
int dept;
Worker *worker = NULL;
int index = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dept)
{
if (dept == 1)
worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
else if (dept == 2)
worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
else
worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
this->workerList[index] = worker;
index++;
}
ifs.close();
}
void WorkerManager::ShowWorker()
{
if ( this->m_FileEmpty )
{
cout << "还没有添加职员!" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < counter; i++)
{
this->workerList[i]->ShowInfo();
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < this->counter; i++)
{
if (id == this->workerList[i]->m_id)
{
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
void WorkerManager::DeletWorker()
{
if (!this->m_FileEmpty)
{
cout << "输入要删除的职员编号:" << endl;
int d_num;
cin >> d_num;
int index = this->IsExist(d_num);
if (index != -1)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->counter - index - 1; i++)
{
this->workerList[index + i] = this->workerList[index + 1 + i];
}
this->counter--;
this->Save();
cout << "删除完成!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "该职员不存在!" << endl;
}
}
else
{
cout << "文件不存在或为空!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::ModifyWorker()
{
if (this->m_FileEmpty)
{
cout << "文件为空或不存在!";
}
else
{
cout << "请输入要修改的员工编号:" << endl;
int m_num;
cin >> m_num;
int index = this->IsExist(m_num);
if (index != -1)
{
int id;
string name;
int dept;
cout << "请输入修改后的编号:" << endl;
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入修改后的姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入修改后的部门:" << endl;
cout << "1 - 普通员工 2 - 经理 3 - 老板" << endl;
cin >> dept;
delete this->workerList[index];
this->workerList[index] = NULL;
if (dept == 1)
{
this->workerList[index] = new Employee(id, name, 1);
}
else if (dept == 2)
{
this->workerList[index] = new Manager(id, name, 2);
}
else
{
this->workerList[index] = new Boss(id, name, 3);
}
cout << "修改完成!" << endl;
this->Save();
}
else
{
cout << "该员工不存在!" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::SearchWorker()
{
if (this->m_FileEmpty)
cout << "文件不存在或为空!" << endl;
else
{
cout << "1 - 按姓名查找 2 - 按编号查找" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
string s_name;
cout << "请输入要查找的职员姓名:" << endl;
cin >> s_name;
int flag = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < this->counter; i++)
{
if (this->workerList[i]->m_name == s_name)
{
cout << "查找成功!" << endl;
this->workerList[i]->ShowInfo();
flag = 1;
}
}
if (flag == 0)
cout << "查找失败!查无此人!" << endl;
}
else if (select == 2)
{
cout << "请输入要查找的职员编号:" << endl;
int s_id;
cin >> s_id;
int index = this->IsExist(s_id);
if (index != -1)
{
cout << "查找成功!" << endl;
this->workerList[index]->ShowInfo();
}
else
cout << "查找失败!查无此人!" << endl;
}
else
cout << "输入有误!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::SortList()
{
if (this->m_FileEmpty)
{
cout << "文件为空或不存在!" << endl;
}
else
{
if (this->counter == 0)
cout << "职员为空!" << endl;
else
{
cout << "1 - 从大到小排序 2 - 从小到大排序" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
for (int i = 0; i < counter - 1; i++)
{
int flag = 0;
for (int j = this->counter - i - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (this->workerList[flag]->m_id < this->workerList[flag + 1]->m_id)
{
Worker *temp = NULL;
temp = this->workerList[flag];
this->workerList[flag] = this->workerList[flag + 1];
this->workerList[flag + 1] = temp;
}
flag++;
}
}
}
else if (select == 2)
{
for (int i = 0; i < counter - 1; i++)
{
int flag = 0;
for (int j = this->counter - i - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (this->workerList[flag]->m_id > this->workerList[flag + 1]->m_id)
{
Worker *temp = NULL;
temp = this->workerList[flag];
this->workerList[flag] = this->workerList[flag + 1];
this->workerList[flag + 1] = temp;
}
flag++;
}
}
}
}
this->Save();
cout << "排序完成!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::ClearList()
{
if (!this->m_FileEmpty)
{
for (int i = 0; i < counter; i++)
{
delete this->workerList[i];
this->workerList[i] = NULL;
}
this->counter = 0;
this->m_FileEmpty = true;
}
this->Save();
cout << "清空完成" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
delete[] this->workerList;
this->workerList = NULL;
}
最后用main函数调用接口即可。
//职工管理系统.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"workerManager.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include "manager.h"
#include "boss.h"
int main()
{
WorkerManager wm;
int op = 0;
while (true)
{
wm.ShowMenu();
cin >> op;
switch (op)
{
case 0://退出程序
wm.ExitSystem();
break;
case 1://添加职工
wm.AddWorker();
break;
case 2://显示职工
wm.ShowWorker();
break;
case 3://删除职工
wm.DeletWorker();
break;
case 4://修改职工
wm.ModifyWorker();
break;
case 5://查找职工
wm.SearchWorker();
break;
case 6://职工排序
wm.SortList();
break;
case 7://清空职工
wm.ClearList();
break;
default:
system("cls");
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}