命令模式(Command)

名字: 命令模式(Command)
别名: 动作(Action) 事务(Transaction)
意图: 将一个[b]请求封装为一个对象[/b], 从而使你可用不同的请求对[b]客户进行参数化[/b]; 对请求排队或记录请求日志, 以及支持可取消的操作.
动机: 怎么做到开放扩展呢?

class Program
  def initialize
    @commands = []
  end

  def add_cmd(cmd)
    @commands << cmd
  end

  def remove_cmd(cmd)
    @commands.delete(cmd)
  end

  def run
    @commands.each do |cmd|
      cmd.execute
    end
  end
end

class File
  attr_accessor :name

  def initialize(name)
    self.name = name
  end
end

class Command
  attr_accessor :file

  def execute
    raise 'abstract method'
  end
end

class OpenFileCommand < Command
  def initialize(file)
    self.file = file
  end

  def execute
    puts "文件#{@file.name}打开"
  end
end

class CloseFileCommand < Command
  def initialize(file)
    self.file = file
  end

  def execute
    puts "文件#{@file.name}关闭"
  end
end

program = Program.new
afile = File.new("A file")
bfile = File.new("B file")

open_a_cmd = OpenFileCommand.new(afile)
close_a_cmd = CloseFileCommand.new(afile)
open_b_cmd = OpenFileCommand.new(bfile)
close_b_cmd = CloseFileCommand.new(bfile)

program.add_cmd(open_a_cmd)
program.add_cmd(close_a_cmd)
program.add_cmd(open_b_cmd)
program.add_cmd(close_b_cmd)
program.remove_cmd(close_b_cmd)

program.run

[img]http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/177696/416776b0-1d29-3c25-83f1-0d2d8b93bd88.jpg[/img]