ContentProvider--------详解内容提供器

ContentProvider简介

     内容提供者( ContentProvider ) 主要用于不同应用程序之间的数据共享,并且提供CRUD,内容提供者一般提供两种用法:

1     第一种使用现有的内容提供器来读取和操作数据比如: 查询 音乐 , 视频 , 联系人等等一些信息;

2     第二种就是实现自己的内容提供器给我们的程序提供外界的接口

      下面我会用一个我写好的一个类来给大家介绍基本的方法 :

package com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by liangshaoteng on 17-6-21.
 */

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final int TABLE1_DIR = 0;
    public static final int TABLE1_ITEM = 1;
    public static final int TABLE2_DIR = 2;
    public static final int TABLE2_ITEM = 3;
    //一般都是用我们的包名
    public static final String uriPath = "com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider";
    private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;

    static {
        uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        uriMatcher.addURI(uriPath, "table1", TABLE1_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(uriPath, "table1/#", TABLE1_ITEM);
        uriMatcher.addURI(uriPath, "table2", TABLE2_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(uriPath, "table2/#", TABLE2_ITEM);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri           //用来查询那张表
     * @param projection    //用来查询那些列
     * @param selection
     * @param selectionArgs //用于查询那些行
     * @param sortOrder     //用于对结果进行排序
     * @return
     */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
                Toast.makeText(getContext(), "查询table1表中所有的数据", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                Toast.makeText(getContext(), "查询table1表中单条的数据", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case TABLE2_DIR:
                Toast.makeText(getContext(), "查询table2表中所有的数据", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                Toast.makeText(getContext(), "查询table2表中单条的数据", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri //根据传来的uri返回相应的MIME
     * @return
     */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {

        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.table1";
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.table1";
            case TABLE2_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.table2";
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.table2";
            default:
                break;
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri    //确定添加到那张表
     * @param values //待添加的数据保存在values
     * @return //返回一条表示新添加数据的uri
     */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri           //用来删除那张表
     * @param selection     //用来约束删除那些行
     * @param selectionArgs
     * @return //并返回删除的行数
     */
    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri           //用于更新那张表
     * @param values        //新数据保存在values
     * @param selection
     * @param selectionArgs //约束更新哪一行
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        return 0;
    }
}

对于访问现有的内容提供器我就不多说了,就给大家看一下我写的一个CRUD的代码看着挺多其实挺简单的,有什么不懂得或者有不同意见或建议的请给出指示谢谢!

首先给大家看一下效果图:

下面我们需要创建一张表:

 

package com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by liangshaoteng on 17-6-21.
 */

public class MyDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    private Context context;

    public MyDatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) {
        super(context, name, factory, version);
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL("create table Book(_id integer primary key autoincrement,author,price,pages,name)");
        Toast.makeText(context, "创建成功!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

    }
}

其次就是创建我们的内容提供器:

   记得要在manifest里面注册!

   下面我就简单的写的具体还需要你根据项目需求来写

package com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

public class DataContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final int TABLE1_DIR = 0;
    public static final int TABLE1_ITEM = 1;
    public static final int TABLE2_DIR = 2;
    public static final int TABLE2_ITEM = 3;
    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider";
    private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;

    static {
        uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", TABLE1_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book/#", TABLE1_ITEM);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category", TABLE2_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category/#", TABLE2_ITEM);
    }

    private MyDatabaseHelper myDatabaseHelper;

    public DataContentProvider() {
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.
        SQLiteDatabase writableDatabase = myDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int deleteRows = 0;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
                deleteRows = writableDatabase.delete("Book", selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                String sBook = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRows = writableDatabase.delete("Book", "id=?", new String[]{sBook});
                break;
            case TABLE2_DIR:
                deleteRows = writableDatabase.delete("Category", selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                String sCategory = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRows = writableDatabase.delete("Category", "id=?", new String[]{sCategory});
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return deleteRows;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests for the MIME type of the data
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.book";
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.book";
            case TABLE2_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.category";
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.liangshaoteng.contentprovider.category";
            default:
                break;
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests to insert a new row.

        SQLiteDatabase writableDatabase = myDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        Uri uriReturn = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                long bookBook = writableDatabase.insert("Book", null, values);
                uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/book/" + bookBook);
                break;
            case TABLE2_DIR:
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                long bookCategory = writableDatabase.insert("Category", null, values);
                uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/category/" + bookCategory);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return uriReturn;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        // TODO: Implement this to initialize your content provider on startup.
        myDatabaseHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(), "BookStores.db", null, 1);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                        String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle query requests from clients.

        SQLiteDatabase readableDatabase = myDatabaseHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
                cursor = readableDatabase.query("Book", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                String s = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = readableDatabase.query("Book", projection, "id=?", new String[]{s}, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            case TABLE2_DIR:
                cursor = readableDatabase.query("Category", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                String s1 = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = readableDatabase.query("Category", projection, "id=?", new String[]{s1}, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

        return cursor;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
                      String[] selectionArgs) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests to update one or more rows.
        SQLiteDatabase writableDatabase = myDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int updatedRows = 0;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE1_DIR:
                updatedRows = writableDatabase.update("Book", values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case TABLE1_ITEM:
                String sBook = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updatedRows = writableDatabase.update("Book", values, "id=?", new String[]{sBook});
                break;
            case TABLE2_DIR:
                updatedRows = writableDatabase.update("Category", values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case TABLE2_ITEM:
                String sCategory = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updatedRows = writableDatabase.update("Category", values, "id=?", new String[]{sCategory});
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

        return updatedRows;
    }
}

好了基本上就是这样了! 不足之处还望指出 !