k8s+containerd+kata-containers 安装
环境
主机要求, VMware Workstation:三台 CentOS7,使用 CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso 镜像:
角色 | 主机名 | IP地址 | 要求 |
---|---|---|---|
控制主机 | controller | 192.168.75.5/24 | 安装 ansible ,用于协助其节点的安装 |
k8s控制节点 | manager.k8s | 192.168.75.41/24 | 至少 2核4G,开启CPU虚拟化 |
k8s计算节点 | node1.k8s | 192.168.75.42/24 | 至少 2核4G,开启CPU虚拟化 |
注意:在下文中出现的任何 inventory
文件都需要自行更改 IP 地址,不再提醒。
软件版本:
- Kubernetes v1.18.3
- containerd v1.3.0 36cf5b690dcc00ff0f34ff7799209050c3d0c59a
- kata-containers v1.11.0-rc0
配置ssh免密登录:
[root@controller ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.75.41
[root@controller ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.75.42
[root@controller ~]# eval $(ssh-agent -s)
Agent pid 1849
[root@controller ~]# ssh-add
Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)
安装
所有的文件都可以在 file 目录下找到。
kata
参考文章:
- https://github.com/kata-containers/documentation/blob/master/install/centos-installation-guide.md
复制 playbooks/roles/
、 playbooks/install-kata.yml
、playbooks/install-pre-k8s.yml
、playbooks/inventory
到 controller 的 /usr/share/ansible/playbooks/
目录下。
联网安装
国内可能会出现访问过慢的情况。
执行:
[root@controller ~]# cd /usr/share/ansible/playbooks/
[root@controller playbooks]# ansible-playbook -i inventory install-kata.yml
本地安装
你可以创建本地 yum 仓库(所需要的 RPM 包在 rpms/kata/
下面,或从此页面下载),然后修改 install-kata.yml
的变量为 use_local_repo: true
,在roles/install-kata/defaults/main.yml
中修改 baseurl
成你自己的网址,然后执行上述命令。
注意:若你已经执行过了联网安装步骤,那么你还需要在k8s节点上面删除类似于/etc/yum.repos.d/home:katacontainers:releases:x86_64:master.repo
的文件,再继续执行安装指令,否则仍会从互联网上下载。
检验
在节点上面查看是否有kata-runtime
命令。
containerd
参考文章:
- https://github.com/kata-containers/documentation/blob/master/how-to/containerd-kata.md#install-kata-containers
- https://github.com/containerd/cri/blob/master/contrib/ansible/README.md
复制 cri-ansible/
到 controller 的任意目录,我这里复制到了/usr/share/ansible
下面。
[root@controller cri-ansible]# ansible-playbook -i inventory cri-containerd.yaml
检验
在节点上执行:
command -v containerd
安装好之后,ctr
、cri-tools
也都已经安装了。
crictl info
ctr image pull docker.io/library/busybox:latest
ctr run -t --rm docker.io/library/busybox:latest hello sh
k8s
参考文章:
- https://github.com/kata-containers/documentation/blob/master/how-to/run-kata-with-k8s.md
其实在安装 containerd 的时候kubeadm
就已经安装了,这条指令的目的是 打开防火墙端口 及 关闭 swap:
[root@controller ~]# cd /usr/share/ansible/playbooks/
[root@controller playbooks]# ansible-playbook -i inventory install-pre-k8s.yml
在节点的/etc/hosts
文件中写入主机名与IP地址的映射:
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.75.41 manager.k8s
192.168.75.42 node1.k8s
manager
初始化 manager 节点:
[root@manager ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=6443/tcp
[root@manager ~]# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent
# 初始化的速度取决于网速
# 还可以加上 --kubernetes-version=1.18.2 参数指定 k8s 的版本。
[root@manager ~]# kubeadm init --cri-socket /run/containerd/containerd.sock --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
……
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
# 按照提示进行操作:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.75.41:6443 --token 7ep11g.s1tvweyj87v7v9cd \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:491f0xxxxbcf2f
node1
根据初始化 manager 节点时生成的 token 将自己加入集群
[root@node1 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.75.41:6443 --token 7ep11g.s1tvweyj87v7v9cd \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:491f0d296142xxxxc9bcf2f
……
Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
检验
在 manager 上面查看状态:
[root@manager ~]# kubectl get nodes,pods -A
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
node/manager.k8s Ready master 5m29s v1.18.3
node/node1.k8s Ready <none> 3m21s v1.18.3
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system pod/coredns-7ff77c879f-cmklp 1/1 Running 0 5m8s
kube-system pod/coredns-7ff77c879f-k8jzz 1/1 Running 0 5m8s
kube-system pod/etcd-manager.k8s 1/1 Running 0 5m25s
kube-system pod/kube-apiserver-manager.k8s 1/1 Running 0 5m25s
kube-system pod/kube-controller-manager-manager.k8s 1/1 Running 0 5m25s
kube-system pod/kube-proxy-6nkc7 1/1 Running 0 5m8s
kube-system pod/kube-proxy-6stqw 1/1 Running 0 3m20s
kube-system pod/kube-scheduler-manager.k8s 1/1 Running 0 5m25s
k8s 使用教程可以参考:
- 中文k8s安装学习网站:https://kuboard.cn/learning/
- https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/
安装 dashboard (可选)
参考:
- https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
- https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/docs/user/access-control/creating-sample-user.md
[root@manager yml]# curl -k https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml -o dashboard-recommended.yaml
如果下载失败,应该是域名被污染,去 https://www.ipaddress.com/search/ 网站查询其 IP 地址并写入到 /etc/hosts
文件中再次下载。
下载完成后修改服务端口:
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
# 这里
nodePort: 30002
targetPort: 8443
# 这里
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
或者直接从yml
文件夹拿过来应用。
加上从yml
下获取的dashboard-adminuser.yaml
应用:
[root@manager yml]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-recommended.yaml -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml
获取用户 token:
[root@manager yml]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name: admin-user-token-cbxtj
Namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
Labels: <none>
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: c397203d-2210-4e74-94cc-95f3512324ec
Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
Data
====
ca.crt: 1025 bytes
namespace: 20 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InZhbjdWZzViMWE4a1lDSkRNdzkzcmpZLVJOVGpmbEZ1Ulp2a1BXQkx5UVkifQ.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.iWlKTwhNVAHsRiKQ8pDqtPWOShdFo-QVxEVc-iXNUMuId53TT5jLABOAZmC7i002QnqCJ9bx5Y8pZ8cpBWnlyE67h77dWr4poYqbGDLFz4y0QgiFTKRRyByiQ-YzyF8CHsdH6cpWcBIkGnqrMvOdRjXw_aDYTQ3eYR4LXSnCsa95btKbRg4iM3ivZVcJSbZg86K8irRqppFLbRZT9Uo39scY10AZrFYAnTRomN-55sFkMEYbtvk2oh9XbTz8kd0yjr4yG_vXmF0ZRoDpOCObRpQ9f48ViMcOieV9EwgQDoGVmbraM8ZHqI_3LR4pVLbWGh-F333IlsfbX5NnerLnzw
打开计算节点防火墙端口:
[root@node1 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=30002/tcp
[root@node1 ~]# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent
然后从计算节点访问:https://192.168.75.42:30002/
使用 kata 作为 runtime
创建 RuntimeClass
参考文章:
- https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/runtime-class/#cri-configuration
[root@manager yml]# cat runtimeclass.yml
apiVersion: node.k8s.io/v1beta1 # RuntimeClass is defined in the node.k8s.io API group
kind: RuntimeClass
metadata:
name: kataclass # The name the RuntimeClass will be referenced by
# RuntimeClass is a non-namespaced resource
handler: kata # The name of the corresponding CRI configuration
[root@manager yml]# kubectl apply -f runtimeclass.yml
使用
需要在 pod 中指定 runtimeclass:
[root@manager yml]# cat nginx-deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
test: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
test: nginx
spec:
runtimeClassName: kataclass
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
打开一个 pod 看看是否使用了 kata:
[root@manager yml]# kubectl exec nginx-deployment-6f65964f7d-jkb89 -it -- /bin/bash
root@nginx-deployment-6f65964f7d-jkb89:/# uname -a
Linux nginx-deployment-6f65964f7d-jkb89 5.4.32-62.2.container #1 SMP Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 UTC 1970 x86_64 GNU/Linux
看到.container
即为成功使用!
也可以在计算节点上面查看进程信息:
[root@node1 ~]# ps -ef | grep kata
root 13809 1 0 00:35 ? 00:00:03 /usr/bin/containerd-shim-kata-v2 -namespace k8s.io -address /run/containerd/containerd.sock -publish-binary /usr/local/bin/containerd -id 2415e1bffd9fe0fe0ab088bd64c510572311393b21ddfa63e31f73ade7102ffe
……
最后欢迎访问我的静态网页博客。