k8s+containerd+kata-containers 安装

k8s + contianerd

环境

主机要求, VMware Workstation:三台 CentOS7,使用 CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso 镜像:

角色主机名IP地址要求
控制主机controller192.168.75.5/24安装 ansible ,用于协助其节点的安装
k8s控制节点manager.k8s192.168.75.41/24至少 2核4G,开启CPU虚拟化
k8s计算节点node1.k8s192.168.75.42/24至少 2核4G,开启CPU虚拟化

注意:在下文中出现的任何 inventory 文件都需要自行更改 IP 地址,不再提醒。

软件版本:

  • Kubernetes v1.18.3
  • containerd v1.3.0 36cf5b690dcc00ff0f34ff7799209050c3d0c59a
  • kata-containers v1.11.0-rc0

配置ssh免密登录:

[root@controller ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.75.41
[root@controller ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.75.42
[root@controller ~]# eval $(ssh-agent -s)
Agent pid 1849
[root@controller ~]# ssh-add
Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)

安装

所有的文件都可以在 file 目录下找到。

kata

参考文章:

  • https://github.com/kata-containers/documentation/blob/master/install/centos-installation-guide.md

复制 playbooks/roles/playbooks/install-kata.ymlplaybooks/install-pre-k8s.ymlplaybooks/inventory 到 controller 的 /usr/share/ansible/playbooks/ 目录下。

联网安装

国内可能会出现访问过慢的情况。

执行:

[root@controller ~]# cd /usr/share/ansible/playbooks/
[root@controller playbooks]# ansible-playbook -i inventory install-kata.yml
本地安装

你可以创建本地 yum 仓库(所需要的 RPM 包在 rpms/kata/ 下面,或从此页面下载),然后修改 install-kata.yml 的变量为 use_local_repo: true ,在roles/install-kata/defaults/main.yml中修改 baseurl 成你自己的网址,然后执行上述命令。

注意:若你已经执行过了联网安装步骤,那么你还需要在k8s节点上面删除类似于/etc/yum.repos.d/home:katacontainers:releases:x86_64:master.repo的文件,再继续执行安装指令,否则仍会从互联网上下载。

检验

在节点上面查看是否有kata-runtime命令。

containerd

参考文章:

  • https://github.com/kata-containers/documentation/blob/master/how-to/containerd-kata.md#install-kata-containers
  • https://github.com/containerd/cri/blob/master/contrib/ansible/README.md

复制 cri-ansible/ 到 controller 的任意目录,我这里复制到了/usr/share/ansible下面。

[root@controller cri-ansible]# ansible-playbook -i inventory cri-containerd.yaml
检验

在节点上执行:

command -v containerd

安装好之后,ctrcri-tools也都已经安装了。

crictl info
ctr image pull docker.io/library/busybox:latest
ctr run  -t --rm docker.io/library/busybox:latest hello sh

k8s

参考文章:

  • https://github.com/kata-containers/documentation/blob/master/how-to/run-kata-with-k8s.md

其实在安装 containerd 的时候kubeadm就已经安装了,这条指令的目的是 打开防火墙端口 及 关闭 swap:

[root@controller ~]# cd /usr/share/ansible/playbooks/
[root@controller playbooks]# ansible-playbook -i inventory install-pre-k8s.yml

在节点的/etc/hosts文件中写入主机名与IP地址的映射:

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.75.41 manager.k8s
192.168.75.42 node1.k8s
manager

初始化 manager 节点:

[root@manager ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=6443/tcp
[root@manager ~]# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent
# 初始化的速度取决于网速
# 还可以加上 --kubernetes-version=1.18.2 参数指定 k8s 的版本。
[root@manager ~]# kubeadm init --cri-socket /run/containerd/containerd.sock --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
……
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

# 按照提示进行操作:
  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.75.41:6443 --token 7ep11g.s1tvweyj87v7v9cd \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:491f0xxxxbcf2f
node1

根据初始化 manager 节点时生成的 token 将自己加入集群

[root@node1 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.75.41:6443 --token 7ep11g.s1tvweyj87v7v9cd \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:491f0d296142xxxxc9bcf2f
……
Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
检验

在 manager 上面查看状态:

[root@manager ~]# kubectl get nodes,pods -A
NAME               STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
node/manager.k8s   Ready    master   5m29s   v1.18.3
node/node1.k8s     Ready    <none>   3m21s   v1.18.3

NAMESPACE     NAME                                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   pod/coredns-7ff77c879f-cmklp              1/1     Running   0          5m8s
kube-system   pod/coredns-7ff77c879f-k8jzz              1/1     Running   0          5m8s
kube-system   pod/etcd-manager.k8s                      1/1     Running   0          5m25s
kube-system   pod/kube-apiserver-manager.k8s            1/1     Running   0          5m25s
kube-system   pod/kube-controller-manager-manager.k8s   1/1     Running   0          5m25s
kube-system   pod/kube-proxy-6nkc7                      1/1     Running   0          5m8s
kube-system   pod/kube-proxy-6stqw                      1/1     Running   0          3m20s
kube-system   pod/kube-scheduler-manager.k8s            1/1     Running   0          5m25s

k8s 使用教程可以参考:

  • 中文k8s安装学习网站:https://kuboard.cn/learning/
  • https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/
安装 dashboard (可选)

参考:

  • https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
  • https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/docs/user/access-control/creating-sample-user.md
[root@manager yml]# curl -k https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml -o dashboard-recommended.yaml

如果下载失败,应该是域名被污染,去 https://www.ipaddress.com/search/ 网站查询其 IP 地址并写入到 /etc/hosts 文件中再次下载。

下载完成后修改服务端口:

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      # 这里
      nodePort: 30002
      targetPort: 8443
  # 这里
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

或者直接从yml文件夹拿过来应用。

加上从yml下获取的dashboard-adminuser.yaml应用:

[root@manager yml]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-recommended.yaml -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml

获取用户 token:

[root@manager yml]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name:         admin-user-token-cbxtj
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: c397203d-2210-4e74-94cc-95f3512324ec

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InZhbjdWZzViMWE4a1lDSkRNdzkzcmpZLVJOVGpmbEZ1Ulp2a1BXQkx5UVkifQ.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.iWlKTwhNVAHsRiKQ8pDqtPWOShdFo-QVxEVc-iXNUMuId53TT5jLABOAZmC7i002QnqCJ9bx5Y8pZ8cpBWnlyE67h77dWr4poYqbGDLFz4y0QgiFTKRRyByiQ-YzyF8CHsdH6cpWcBIkGnqrMvOdRjXw_aDYTQ3eYR4LXSnCsa95btKbRg4iM3ivZVcJSbZg86K8irRqppFLbRZT9Uo39scY10AZrFYAnTRomN-55sFkMEYbtvk2oh9XbTz8kd0yjr4yG_vXmF0ZRoDpOCObRpQ9f48ViMcOieV9EwgQDoGVmbraM8ZHqI_3LR4pVLbWGh-F333IlsfbX5NnerLnzw

打开计算节点防火墙端口:

[root@node1 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=30002/tcp
[root@node1 ~]# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

然后从计算节点访问:https://192.168.75.42:30002/

使用 kata 作为 runtime

创建 RuntimeClass

参考文章:

  • https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/runtime-class/#cri-configuration
[root@manager yml]# cat runtimeclass.yml
apiVersion: node.k8s.io/v1beta1  # RuntimeClass is defined in the node.k8s.io API group
kind: RuntimeClass
metadata:
  name: kataclass  # The name the RuntimeClass will be referenced by
  # RuntimeClass is a non-namespaced resource
handler: kata  # The name of the corresponding CRI configuration
[root@manager yml]# kubectl apply -f runtimeclass.yml

使用

需要在 pod 中指定 runtimeclass:

[root@manager yml]# cat nginx-deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      test: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        test: nginx
    spec:
      runtimeClassName: kataclass
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx

打开一个 pod 看看是否使用了 kata:

[root@manager yml]# kubectl exec nginx-deployment-6f65964f7d-jkb89 -it -- /bin/bash
root@nginx-deployment-6f65964f7d-jkb89:/# uname -a
Linux nginx-deployment-6f65964f7d-jkb89 5.4.32-62.2.container #1 SMP Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 UTC 1970 x86_64 GNU/Linux

看到.container即为成功使用!

也可以在计算节点上面查看进程信息:

[root@node1 ~]# ps -ef | grep kata
root      13809      1  0 00:35 ?        00:00:03 /usr/bin/containerd-shim-kata-v2 -namespace k8s.io -address /run/containerd/containerd.sock -publish-binary /usr/local/bin/containerd -id 2415e1bffd9fe0fe0ab088bd64c510572311393b21ddfa63e31f73ade7102ffe
……

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