RedHat7.9安装zabbix6.4

RedHat7.9安装zabbix6.4

1. 安装环境说明

本例中安装zabbix开源软件和zabbix运行所需的中间件和数据库apache、php和postgres，软件版本信息如下：

软件	版本
zabbix	Zabbix6.4.0
apache	httpd-2.4.57
apr	apr-1.7.4
apr-util	1.6.3
php	8.2.6
sqlite-autoconf	3420000
gcc	11
postgres	14.7
zabbix_agent	6.4.17

主机信息如下：

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.9 (Maipo)

2. 服务器准备

主机名	主机地址	用途
zib_server	192.168.101.238	zabbix的服务器地址
pgsql_master	192.168.101.232	pgsql的主服务器
pgsql_backup	192.168.101.239	pgsql的备服务器

安装流程：

​ 1. 安装zabbix-server服务端

​ 2. 安装zabbix-agent客户端

​ 3. 连接服务端和客户端

3. zabbix的服务器安装

3.1 apche及依赖软件安装

3.1.1 安装gcc

安装

yum install centos-release-scl -y

yum install devtoolset-11-gcc* -y

安装完centos-release-scl可能导致yum无法使用，这个时候需要去/etc/yum.repos.d目录下，去修改yum源。详情请见240715-centos7中安装了centos-release-scl后,之前的yum源变为不可用 解决方案.md文档。

激活对应的devtoolset，所以你可以一次安装多个版本的devtoolset，需要的时候用下面这条命令切换到对应的版本

scl enable devtoolset-11 bash

查看gcc版本

gcc -v

补充：这条激活命令只对本次会话有效，重启会话后还是会变回原来的4.8.5版本，要想随意切换可按如下操作。

首先，安装的devtoolset是在 /opt/rh 目录下的

cd /opt/rh/devtoolset-11 

source ./enable

直接替换旧的gcc

mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8.5

ln -s /opt/rh/devtoolset-8/root/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc

mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8.5

ln -s /opt/rh/devtoolset-8/root/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++

gcc --version

g++ --version

3.1.2 安装apache

apache下载：http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
apache apr和apache apr-util下载：http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi

创建目录：

mkdir /usr/local/apache
mkdir /usr/local/apache/apr/apr-1.7.4
mkdir /usr/local/apache/apr-util

解压文件：

备注：进入soft目录的原因是因为所有的安装的都放在/soft目录下。

cd /soft
tar -zxvf apr-1.7.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/apache/apr --strip-components=1
tar -zxvf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local/apache/apr-util
tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.57.tar.gz -C /usr/local/apache

安装依赖软件及安装包

yum install expat-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel -y

3.1.3 安装apr

源码编译安装：

cd /soft
cd /usr/local/apache/apr/apr-1.7.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/apr
make -j4 && make install

3.1.4 安装apr-util

源码编译安装：

cd /usr/local/apache/apr-util/apr-util-1.6.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apache/apr
make -j4 && make install

3.1.5 安装apache

源码编译安装：

cd /usr/local/apache/httpd-2.4.57
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/usr/local/apache/conf --enable-so --enable-rewirte --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-cgid --enable-modules=all --enable-mods-shared=all --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-apr=/usr/local/apache/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apache/apr-util --with-pcre
make -j4 && make install

3.1.6 启动 apache

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

3.2 安装PHP

3.2.1 下载源码安装包

php下载：http://php.net/downloads.php

3.2.2 创建目录并解压

mkdir /usr/local/php

解压安装文件：

tar -zxvf php-8.2.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local/php

3.2.3 安装依赖软件及安装包

yum install expat-devel  pcre-devel  openssl-devel  libxslt-devel  libXpm*  libjpeg* libcurl*  libpng*  bzip2*  libxml2-devel  sqlite-devel  oniguruma-devel  postgresql-devel  gcc*  net-snmp-devel  curl  curl-devel    automake  autoconf  libtool  make  libevent-devel  libicu-devel  libzip  libzip-devel  python-freetype.noarch freetype-devel.x86_64  freetype-demos.x86_64  freetype.i686  freetype.x86_64 –y --setopt=protected_multilib=false

3.2.4 源码编译安装php

cd /usr/local/php/php-8.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-pear --with-curl --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png-dir --with-freetype --with-zlib-dir --with-iconv --enable-mbstring --enable-bcmath --with-mhash --with-zlib --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-openssl --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-bz2 --with-gettext --with-xpm-dir=/usr/lib64/ --with-pdo-pgsql --with-pgsql --enable-gd --enable-gd-jis-conv --enable-sockets --enable-soap --enable-xml --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --with-jpeg

make  && make install -j4

3.2.5 修改php配置环境

cd /usr/local/php/php-8.2.6
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/post_max_size = 8M/post_max_size = 16M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/max_execution_time = 30/max_execution_time = 300/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#;date.timezone =#date.timezone=Asia/Shanghai#g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#;always_populate_raw_post_data = -1#always_populate_raw_post_data = -1#g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#max_input_time = 60#max_input_time = 300#g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

3.2.6 安装php sockets拓展包

cd /usr/local/php/php-8.2.6/ext/sockets/

生成源码文件：

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
make clean

源码编译安装

./configure --enable-sockets --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make && make install -j4

修改配置文件：

sed -i '$a extension=sockets.so' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

3.2.7 修改apache配置文件

修改apache的配置文件，添加apache对php的支持

sed -i '$a PHPIniDir /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
sed -i 's#DirectoryIndex index.html#DirectoryIndex index.html index.php#g' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
sed -i '410a AddType application/x-httpd-php .php' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

3.3 安装数据库

3.3.1 在.bash_profile中增加环境变量

export PGPORT=5432
export PGDATA=/home/postgres/data
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGHOST=localhost
export PGDATABASE=postgres
export PGHOME=/home/postgres/FlyingDB
export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`
export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
export LANG=en_US.utf8
export PGBHOME=/postgres/pgbouncer/Files
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:$PGBHOME/third-lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PGBHOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

3.3.2创建数据库目录并创建数据库

useradd postgres

mkdir /home/postgres/data

chmod 0700  /home/postgres/data  

chown postgres:postgres /home/postgres/data

initdb -D /home/postgres/data -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgres

3.3.3 在pg_hba.conf 增加如下配置

host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

3.3.4 在postgres.conf里面增加如下配置

listen_addresses = '*'                
port = 5432                              
max_connections = 1000                 
superuser_reserved_connections = 10        
unix_socket_directories = '/home/postgres/'        
unix_socket_permissions = 0700                
tcp_keepalives_idle = 60                
tcp_keepalives_interval = 10                
tcp_keepalives_count = 10                
shared_buffers = 2000MB                
huge_pages = off                         
work_mem = 4063kB                              
maintenance_work_mem = 2GB               
max_stack_depth = 2MB                       
dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix       
vacuum_cost_delay = 10                       
vacuum_cost_limit = 1000                
bgwriter_delay = 10ms                       
bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 1000         
bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 10.0         
effective_io_concurrency = 2       
max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 4        
max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 4
max_worker_processes = 18
parallel_leader_participation = on
max_parallel_workers = 18        
wal_level = replica                        
fsync = on                          
synchronous_commit = on                
wal_sync_method = fdatasync                
full_page_writes = on                
wal_compression = on                 
wal_buffers = 16MB            
wal_writer_delay = 10ms                
commit_delay = 10                       
commit_siblings = 28                       
checkpoint_timeout = 10min                
max_wal_size = 8GB
min_wal_size = 2GB
checkpoint_completion_target = 0.9       
archive_mode = on                
archive_command = 'mkdir -p /home/postgres/data/archivedir && cp %p /home/postgres/data/archivedir/%f'       
max_wal_senders = 10                
hot_standby = off                  
wal_receiver_status_interval = 0       
random_page_cost = 4                 
effective_cache_size = 47616MB
default_statistics_target = 100        
log_destination = 'csvlog'                
logging_collector = on                
log_directory = 'log'                   
log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'        
log_file_mode = 0600                     
log_truncate_on_rotation = on             
log_rotation_age = 1d                    
log_rotation_size = 128MB                
log_checkpoints = on
log_error_verbosity = verbose                
log_line_prefix = '%t [%p]: [%l-1] user=%u,db=%d '            
log_lock_waits = on                                      
log_timezone = 'PRC'
track_io_timing = on
track_functions = all                        
track_activity_query_size = 2048        
autovacuum = on                        
log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0       
autovacuum_max_workers = 3               
autovacuum_naptime = 300s                
datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
timezone = 'Asia/Vientiane'
lc_messages = 'C'                        
lc_monetary = 'C'                        
lc_numeric = 'C'                       
lc_time = 'C'                          
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
deadlock_timeout = 200ms

3.4 安装zabbix

3.4.1 下载源码安装包

wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/6.4/zabbix-6.4.0.tar.gz

3.4.2 创建目录并解压

mkdir /usr/local/zabbix
tar -zxvf zabbix-6.4.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/zabbix

3.4.3 安装依赖软件及安装包

yum install gcc* net-snmp-devel curl curl-devel  postgresql-devel –y

3.4.4 安装zabbix

源码安装编译：

cd /usr/local/zabbix/zabbix-6.4.0

yum install libevent-devel  -y

export CFLAGS="-std=gnu99"

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --enable-proxy  --with-postgresql 
make && make install -j4

3.4.5 导入数据库表

(venv-patroni-3.0.1) [postgres@fd-mq-test-1 postgres]$ psql
psql (14.7)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# create user zabbix with password '183737';
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# CREATE DATABASE zabbix OWNER zabbix;
CREATE DATABASE

psql -U fbase -w -c "create user zabbix with password 'zabbix';"
psql -U fbase -w -c "CREATE DATABASE zabbix OWNER zabbix;"

 cd /usr/local/zabbix/zabbix-6.4.0/database/postgresql/
psql -U zabbix -d zabbix -f schema.sql 
psql -U zabbix -d zabbix -f images.sql 
psql -U zabbix -d zabbix -f data.sql

3.4.6 配置zabbix服务

cat >> /etc/services << EOF
# Zabbix
zabbix-agent 10050/tcp #ZabbixAgent 
zabbix-agent 10050/udp #ZabbixAgent 
zabbix-trapper 10051/tcp #ZabbixTrapper 
zabbix-trapper 10051/udp #ZabbixTrapper
EOF

3.4.7 拷贝zabbix web页面到apache目录

mkdir  /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix

cp -r   /usr/local/zabbix/zabbix-6.4.0/ui/*  /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix

添加zabbix用户：

useradd zabbix

3.4.8 修改zabbix-server配置文件

vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
DBHost=192.168.101.238
DBName=zabbix
DBSchema=public
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBPort=8432

3.4.9 修改zabbix agentd配置文件

vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=192.168.101.238
ServerActive=192.168.101.238
Hostname=redhat238

3.4.10 启动服务

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl   start

/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf

/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

# 查看服务是否启动
ps aux | grep '/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf'
ps aux | grep '/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf'

4.zabbix web界面配置

4.1 浏览器访问 http://192.168.101.238/zabbix

点击Next step

4.2 zabbix检查软件运行环境

4.3 填写主机信息

填写zabbix_server的信息，填写完成之后点击Next step

4.4 安装完成

5. 遇到相关错误解决方法

问题1：编译zabbix时遇到报错

Error:--with-postgresql configure: error: PostgreSQL library not found

解决方法：

yum install postgresql-devel

问题2：postgres 14.7密码认证模式为SCRAM-SHA-256，zabbix与postgresql会认证失败

解决方法：

1.postgres.conf增加password_encryption = md5配置

2.登入psql 对密码重新修改：

ALTER user zabbix PASSWORD 'zabbix';

问题3：数据库信息填完成后无法创建配置文件

如下：

解决方法：

将文件下载，上传到系统/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf这个目录下

问题4：首次安装zabbix安装，浏览器打开为文本，或者是数据库选项不能选择数据库。

解决方法：可以尝试对httpd服务重起，或是对php重新编译。应注意./configure 后编译报错信息如果php版本跨度较大，有些参数已不支持。应仔细 ./configure --help查看帮助。