@Resource注解和@Autowired注解的区别

@Resource注解(javax.annotation.Resource;)由sun公司开发而成；@Resource注解默认按照输入的名称进行bean装配

@Autowired注解(org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired)是spring的注解；@Autowired注解默认按照类型方式进行bean装配

Spring属于第三方的，J2EE是Java自己的东西。

现在我们有一个StudentDao接口：

public interface StudentDao {
	public void add();
	public void find();
}

另外加入两个实现类：

@Repository//被spring托管
public class StudentRedisDaoImpl implements StudentDao{

	@Override
	public void add() {
		System.out.println("redis中的添加完成");
	}

	@Override
	public void find() {
		System.out.println("redis中的查询完成");
	}

}

 

@Repository	//<bean id="studentDaoImpl" class="../">
public class studentDaoImpl implements StudentDao{

	@Override
	public void add() {
		System.out.println("访问数据库，完成添加功能");
	}

	@Override
	public void find() {
		System.out.println("访问数据库，完成查找功能");
	}

}

主调类：

@Service
public class StudentBizImpl implements StudentBiz{
//	private StudentDao dao = new studentDaoImpl();
	//缺点：1 StudentBizImpl是直接依赖于studentDaoImpl
	//根据类型注入的!!!!!!!!!!!!
	@Autowired  //<property name="studentDao" ref="studentDaoImpl"> 完成自动装配的工作, 通过 @Autowired的使用来消除 set ，get方法
	private StudentDao studentDao ;//StudentDao接口
	@Override
	public void add() {
		studentDao.add();
	}

	@Override
	public void find() {
		studentDao.find();
	}

	public void setStudentDao(StudentDao dao) {
		this.studentDao = dao;
		System.out.println("spring调用set方法完成注入studentDao对象");
	}

	
}

如果我们这样运行，会抛出异常：

    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:88)
    at com.syy.springtest.testAnnotation.AppTest.testHello4(AppTest.java:45)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:538)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:760)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:460)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:206)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.syy.dao.StudentDao' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: studentRedisDaoImpl,studentDaoImpl
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique(DependencyDescriptor.java:215)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1116)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1065)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:584)
    ... 37 more

意思是在装配bean时，发现了两个相同的实现类，都implementsStudentDao， 因此不知道选择哪一个，抛出异常。

这时，我们需要再加一个注解@Qualifier("studentRedisDaoImpl") ，这样就只针对  studentRedisDaoImpl 这个类

 

但如果用@Resource注解，我们会发现方便了许多，@Resource(name="studentRedisDaoImpl") 就可以实现@Resource注入，并且使用@Resource可以减少代码和Spring之间的耦合。