Java比较器
Java中的对象,正常情况下,只能进行比较:== 或 != 。 不能使用> 或 < 的
但是在开发场景中,我们需要对多个对象进行排序,言外之意,就需要比较对象的大小
使用两个接口:Comparable 或 Comparator
一、自然排序:Comparable接口的使用
-
像String、包装类等实现类Comparable接口,重写了CompareTo()方法,给出了比较两个对象大小的方式
-
像String、包装类重写compareTo()方法以后,进行了从小到大的排序
-
重写compareTo()的规则:
- 如果当前对象this大于形参对象obj,则返回正整数
- 如果当前对象this小于形参对象obj,则返回负整数
- 如果当前对象this等于形参对象obj,则返回零
-
对于自定义类,如果需要排序,我们可以让自定义类实现comparable接口,重写compareTo()方法
在compareTo(obj)方法中指明如何排序
package com.sammery.compare;
import java.util.Arrays;
class Goods implements Comparable{
private String name;
private int price;
public Goods() {
}
public Goods(String name, int price) {
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Goods{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
'}';
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Object o) {
if (o instanceof Goods){
Goods goods = (Goods) o;
//方式一:
if (this.price>goods.price){
return 1;
}else if (this.price<goods.price){
return -1;
}else {
return 0;
}
//方式二:
// return Double.compare(this.price,goods.price);
}
throw new RuntimeException("传入的数据类型不一致");
}
}
public class CompareTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] str = new String[]{"AA","CC","KK","MM","GG","JJ","DD"};
Arrays.sort(str);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(str));
System.out.println("*********************************");
Goods[] goods = new Goods[4];
goods[0] = new Goods("柠檬",12);
goods[1] = new Goods("苹果",99);
goods[2] = new Goods("西瓜",22);
goods[3] = new Goods("草莓",18);
Arrays.sort(goods);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(goods));
}
}
二、定制排序:java.util.Comparator
-
背景:当元素的类型没有实现java.lang.Comparable接口而又不方便修改代码
或者实现了java.lang.Comparable接口的排序规则不适合当前的操作
那么可以考虑使用Comparator的对象排序
-
重写compare(Object o1,Object o2)方法,比较o1和o2的大小:
如果方法返回正整数,则表示o1>o2;
如果返回零,表示相等;
返回负整数,表示o1<o2
package com.sammery.compare;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
class Foods{
private String name;
private int price;
public Foods() {
}
public Foods(String name, int price) {
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Foods{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
'}';
}
}
public class ComparatorTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] str = new String[]{"AA","CC","KK","MM","GG","JJ","DD"};
Arrays.sort(str, new Comparator() {
@Override
public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
if (o1 instanceof String && o2 instanceof String){
String s1 = (String) o1;
String s2 = (String) o2;
return -s1.compareTo(s2);
}
// return 0;
throw new RuntimeException("输入数据不一致");
}
});
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(str));
System.out.println("*********************************");
Foods[] foods = new Foods[4];
foods[0] = new Foods("ningmeng",12);
foods[1] = new Foods("pinguo",99);
foods[2] = new Foods("xigua",22);
foods[3] = new Foods("xigua",18);
Arrays.sort(foods, new Comparator() {
@Override
public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
if (o1 instanceof Foods && o2 instanceof Foods){
Foods f1 = (Foods) o1;
Foods f2 = (Foods) o2;
if (f1.getName().equals(f2.getName())){
return -Double.compare(f1.getPrice(),f2.getPrice());
}else{
return f1.getName().compareTo(f2.getName());
}
}
// return 0;
throw new RuntimeException("输入数据不一致");
}
});
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(foods));
}
}
三、Comparable接口与Comparator的使用比较:
Comparable接口的方式一旦一定,保证Comparable接口实现类的对象在任何位置都可以比较大小
Comparator接口属于临时性的比较。