【JavaSE基础】对象的比较方法

对象的比较方法

当我们编写的代码为简单的基本数据类型类型时，可以用 == 或者 equals 来进行对象的比较，而当随着代码难度的提高，我们使用基本数据类型的情况也随之减少，大部分情况下我们使用的都是引用数据类型，在这种情况下，我们就不能简单的使用 == 或者 equals 来进行比较了，在这里简单介绍四种进行对象比较的方法。

1、重写基类equals方法

例如：

class Student{stu_id,score,name}
s1 = new Student("zs",100,1);
s2 = new Student("lisi",100,2);
打印：s1.equals(s2); true

class Student{
    private String name;
    private int score;
    private int stu_id;
    public Student(String name,int score,int stu_id){
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
        this.stu_id = stu_id;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if(this == obj){
            return true;
        }
        if(obj instanceof Student){
            Student student = (Student)obj;
            if(this.score == student.score){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}
public class TestDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("zs",100,1);
        Student s2 = new Student("lisi",100,2);
        System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));
    }
}

运行结果：

需要注意的是，我们在重写equals方法后，最好是将hashCode方法一起重写，原因可以参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/yuxiaole/p/9570850.html

2、实现接口中的方法

Comparable -> compareTo() 内比较器

class Student implements Comparable<Student>{
    private String name;
    private int score;
    private int stu_id;
    public Student(String name, int score, int stu_id) {
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
        this.stu_id = stu_id;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student o) {
        if(this.score > o.score){
            return 1;
        }else if(this.score == o.score){
            return 0;
        }else {
            return -1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return name;
    }
}
public class TestDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("zs",100,1);
        Student s2 = new Student("lisi",90,2);
        if(s1.compareTo(s2) > 0){
            System.out.println(s1.toString()+"排名靠前");
        }else if(s1.compareTo(s2) == 0){
            System.out.println("并列");
        }else {
            System.out.println(s2.toString()+"排名靠前");
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

3、Comparator -> Compara()方法

外比较器

这种方法有两种写法，运行结果相同（其原理为匿名内部类）

写法一：

class People{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public People(String name,int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}
class Compara implements Comparator<People> {
    @Override
    public int compare(People o1, People o2) {
        if(o1.getAge() > o2.getAge()){
            return 1;
        }else if(o1.getAge() == o2.getAge()){
            return 0;
        }else {
            return -1;
        }
    }
}
public class TestDemo{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Compara compara = new Compara();
        People people1 = new People("zs",25);
        People people2 = new People("lisi",26);
        int result = compara.compare(people1,people2);
        if(result > 0){
            System.out.println("zs");
        }else if(result == 0){
            System.out.println("相等");
        }else {
            System.out.println("lisi");
        }
    }
}

写法二：

class People{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public People(String name,int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}
public class TestDemo{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Comparator<People> comparator = new Comparator<People>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(People o1, People o2) {
                if(o1.getAge() > o2.getAge()){
                    return 1;
                }else if(o1.getAge() == o2.getAge()){
                    return 0;
                }else {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
        };
        People people1 = new People("zs",25);
        People people2 = new People("lisi",26);
        int result = comparator.compare(people1,people2);
        if(result > 0){
            System.out.println("zs");
        }else if(result == 0){
            System.out.println("相等");
        }else {
            System.out.println("lisi");
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

Eg:

class People implements Comparable<People>{
    static class Company{
        private String ComName;
        private int salary;
        public Company(String ComName,int salary){
            this.ComName = ComName;
            this.salary = salary;
        }
    }
    private Company company;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public People(String name,int age,String ComName,int salary){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        company = new Company(ComName,salary);
    }
    @Override
    public int compareTo(People o) {
        if(this.company.salary > o.company.salary){
            return 1;
        }
        else if(this.company.salary == o.company.salary){
            if(this.age > o.age){
                return 1;
            }
            else if(this.age == o.age){
                return 0;
            }
            else {
                return -1;
            }
        }
        else{
            return -1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return name;
    }
}
public class TestDemo{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        People people1 = new People("zs",25,"abc",20000);
        People people2 = new People("lisi",26,"abc",20000);
        if(people1.compareTo(people2) > 0){
            System.out.println(people1+"工资高");
        }else if(people1.compareTo(people2) == 0){
            System.out.println("工资相同");
        }else {
            System.out.println(people2+"工资高");
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

4、对象克隆（对象拷贝）：Cloneable -> clone()方法

• 重写clone()方法
• 如果当前类中存在引用数据类型，修改该类中clone方法（单独对引用数据类型进行克隆）
• 内存是否共享
  • 深拷贝：没有内存共享
  • 浅拷贝：有内存共享

class Address implements Cloneable{
    int home_id;
    public Address(int home_id) {
        this.home_id = home_id;
    }
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}
class People implements Cloneable{
    String name;
    int age;
    Address address;
    public People(String name, int age,int home_id) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        address = new Address(home_id);
    }
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        People o = (People)super.clone();
        o.address = (Address)this.address.clone();
        return o;
    }
}
public class TestDemo{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        People p1 = new People("zs",10,111);
        People p2 = null;
        try {
            p2 = (People)p1.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(p1.age+" "+p2.age);
    }
}

运行结果：