Java类型变化

复合情况
数组协变，泛型不变

    public static void testArrayAndList(){
//        B[] r1 = test(new ArrayList<B>());  编译错误，实参形参类型不匹配
//        A[] r2 = test(new ArrayList<B>()); 编译错误，实参形参类型不匹配
//        Object[] r3 = test(new ArrayList<Object>()); 编译错误，ArrayList<Object>和ArrayList<A>无任何关系,尽管A继承于Object

        A[] r4 = test(new ArrayList<A>());
        Object[] r5 = test(new ArrayList<A>());
    }

    public static A[] test(ArrayList<A> list){
        return new A[1];
    }

JDK 1.5+重写的方法，参数要求一样，返回值是协变的

public class Diff {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Father foo = new Son();
        foo.f1(new B());
    }
}

class Father{
    public B f1(B obj){
        System.out.println("Father.f1()");
        return new B();
    }
}

class Son extends Father{
    @Override
    public B f1(B obj) {
        System.out.println("Son.f1()");
        return new C();//父类返回值的子类,协变
    }
}

ArrayList<? extends A> list3 = new ArrayList<B>();//协变
ArrayList<? super B> list4 = new ArrayList<A>();//逆变