记天气预报系统数据接口response中文乱码的坑
开发微服务天气预报系统的过程中，遇到了很多的坑，但最让人头疼的是存入redis缓存时，中文乱码及控制台乱码的问题，这着实让人头疼，所幸，在各种社区的帮助下，成功解决了这个问题，接下来记录一下这个心酸历程！
本次使用的天气数据接口Api：localhost:10087/weather/cityName/重庆
返回数据格式：
{
"status": "1000",
"desc": "OK",
"data": {
"yesterday": {
"high": "高温 38℃",
"fx": "无持续风向",
"low": "低温 30℃",
"fl": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>",
"type": "晴",
"date": "25日星期日"
},
"city": "重庆",
"forecast": [
{
"date": "26日星期一",
"high": "高温 39℃",
"low": "低温 30℃",
"fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>",
"type": "晴",
"fengxiang": "无持续风向"
},
{
"date": "27日星期二",
"high": "高温 35℃",
"low": "低温 28℃",
"fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>",
"type": "多云",
"fengxiang": "无持续风向"
},
{
"date": "28日星期三",
"high": "高温 30℃",
"low": "低温 26℃",
"fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>",
"type": "中雨",
"fengxiang": "无持续风向"
},
{
"date": "29日星期四",
"high": "高温 31℃",
"low": "低温 24℃",
"fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>",
"type": "阵雨",
"fengxiang": "无持续风向"
},
{
"date": "30日星期五",
"high": "高温 32℃",
"low": "低温 25℃",
"fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>",
"type": "阴",
"fengxiang": "无持续风向"
}
],
"ganmao": "各项气象条件适宜，发生感冒机率较低。但请避免长期处于空调房间中，以防感冒。",
"wendu": "34"
}
}
通过浏览器返回数据都正常，但是已存入缓存就不行了，各种乱码。
一开始，我以为是编辑器的编码错误，然后就修改idea的编码：setting–>file encoding---->全部改为utf-8
结果：不行
后来，我想了一下，毕竟调用了RestTemplate作为http请求第三方api，所以在resttempalte上面找问题，打断点调试，发现他的编码和解析的编码不一致。
StringHttpMessageConverter 默认是 ISO_8859_1，所以我们设置为了 UTF_8。
然后新建配置类RestConfig:
package top.juntech.msweatherdata.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
@Configuration
public class RestConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory());
restTemplate.getMessageConverters().set(1,new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
怀着满心欢喜，心想终于可以成功了吧…
结果：还是不行
最后找到数据返回的消息头：
发现数据是经过 GZIP 压缩过的。默认情况下， RestTemplate 使用的是 JDK 的 HTTP 调用器，并不支持 GZIP 解压，难怪解析不了。
解决方案
1、新建StringUtil
package top.juntech.msweatherdata.utils;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
public class StringUtils {
/**
* 处理 Gizp 压缩的数据.
*
* @param str
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String conventFromGzip(String str) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ByteArrayInputStream in;
GZIPInputStream gunzip = null;
in = new ByteArrayInputStream(str.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"));
gunzip = new GZIPInputStream(in);
byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
int n;
while ((n = gunzip.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, n);
}
return out.toString();
}
}
在核心逻辑里面：
public WeatherResponse dogetWeatherResponse(String uri){
WeatherResponse weatherResponse = null;
String key = uri;
ValueOperations<String, String> ops = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue();
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String strBody = null;
// 先查询是否有缓存
if(stringRedisTemplate.hasKey(key)){
logger.info("redis has data!");
strBody = ops.get(key);
}else{
logger.info("redis don't have data!");
// throw new RuntimeException("缓存中没有该数据!");
ResponseEntity<String> respBody = restTemplate.getForEntity(key, String.class);
// ResponseEntity<WeatherResponse> respBody = restTemplate.getForEntity(key, WeatherResponse.class);
if(respBody.getStatusCodeValue() == 200){
try {
strBody = StringUtils.conventFromGzip(respBody.getBody());
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 将数据存入缓存
ops.set(key,strBody,TIME_OUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
try{
weatherResponse = objectMapper.readValue(strBody, WeatherResponse.class);
System.out.println(weatherResponse);
}catch (Exception e){
// throw new RuntimeException(e);
logger.error("error!",e);
}
return weatherResponse;
}
结果：
200,ok
成功返回：
{
“status”: “1000”,
“desc”: “OK”,
“data”: {
“yesterday”: {
“high”: “高温 38℃”,
“fx”: “无持续风向”,
“low”: “低温 30℃”,
“fl”: “<![CDATA[<3级]]>”,
“type”: “晴”,
“date”: “25日星期日”
},
“city”: “重庆”,
“forecast”: [
{
“date”: “26日星期一”,
“high”: “高温 39℃”,
“low”: “低温 30℃”,
“fengli”: “<![CDATA[<3级]]>”,
“type”: “晴”,
“fengxiang”: “无持续风向”
},
{
“date”: “27日星期二”,
“high”: “高温 35℃”,
“low”: “低温 28℃”,
“fengli”: “<![CDATA[<3级]]>”,
“type”: “多云”,
“fengxiang”: “无持续风向”
},
{
“date”: “28日星期三”,
“high”: “高温 30℃”,
“low”: “低温 26℃”,
“fengli”: “<![CDATA[<3级]]>”,
“type”: “中雨”,
“fengxiang”: “无持续风向”
},
{
“date”: “29日星期四”,
“high”: “高温 31℃”,
“low”: “低温 24℃”,
“fengli”: “<![CDATA[<3级]]>”,
“type”: “阵雨”,
“fengxiang”: “无持续风向”
},
{
“date”: “30日星期五”,
“high”: “高温 32℃”,
“low”: “低温 25℃”,
“fengli”: “<![CDATA[<3级]]>”,
“type”: “阴”,
“fengxiang”: “无持续风向”
}
],
“ganmao”: “各项气象条件适宜，发生感冒机率较低。但请避免长期处于空调房间中，以防感冒。”,
“wendu”: “34”
}
}
2、httpclient
2.1 引入httpclient
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.9</version>
</dependency>
2.2 编写RestTemplate
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory());
restTemplate.getMessageConverters().set(1,new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return new RestTemplate();
}
2.3 编写核心业务逻辑
private WeatherResponse doGetWeatherData(String uri) {
ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, String.class);
String strBody = null;
if (response.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
strBody = response.getBody();
}
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
WeatherResponse weather = null;
try {
weather = mapper.readValue(strBody, WeatherResponse.class);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return weather;
}
更多详情
更多详情请访问： juntech
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