numpy实战小练习集锦附代码

Abstract：Numpy是Python做数据分析所必须要掌握的基础库之一。这篇练习通过89道题目带你快速玩转Numpy。

介绍

Numpy是Python做数据分析所必须要掌握的基础库之一。这篇练习通过89道题目带你快速玩转Numpy。

练习

  # coding:utf-8
  import numpy as np 
  import pandas as pd 
  ​
  # 1.Print the numpy version and the configuration
  print (np.__version__)
  print np.show_config()
  ​
  # 2. Create a null vector of size 10
  Z = np.zeros(10)
  print Z 
  ​
  # 3.Create a null vector of size 10 but the fifth value which is 1
  A = np.zeros(10)
  A[4] = 1
  print A 
  ​
  # 4.Create a vector with values ranging from 10 to 49 
  A = np.arange(50)
  print A 
  ​
  # 5.Reverse a vector (first element becomes last)
  A = np.arange(50)
  A = A[::-1]
  print A  
  ​
  # 6.Create a 3x3 matrix with values ranging from 0 to 8
  Z = np.arange(9).reshape(3,3)
  print Z 
  ​
  # 7.Find indices of non-zero elements from [1,2,0,0,4,0]
  nz = np.nonzero([1,2,0,0,4,0])
  print (nz)
  ​
  # 8.Create a 3x3 identity matrix
  A = np.eye(3)
  print A 
  ​
  # 9.create a 3*3*3 array with random values
  A = np.random.random((3,3,3))
  print (Z)
  ​
  # 10.Create a 10x10 array with random values and find the minimum and maximum values
  Z = np.random.random((10,10))
  Zmin,Zmax = Z.min(), Z.max()
  print (Zmin,Zmax)
  ​
  # 11.Create a random vector of size 30 and find the mean value
  A = np.random.random(30)
  m = A.mean()
  print (m)
  ​
  # 12.Create a 2d array with 1 on the border and 0 inside
  Z = np.ones((10,10))
  Z[1:-1,1:-1] = 0
  print(Z)
  ​
  # 13.How to add a border (filled with 0's) around an existing array?
  A = np.ones((5,5))  # ones(): 返回给定形状和类型的新数组，用数字填充
  A = np.pad(A,pad_width=1, mode='constant', constant_values=0)   # pad():filling the array
  print A 
  ​
  # 14.What is the result of the following expression?
  print (0 * np.nan)
  print (np.nan == np.nan)
  print (np.nan - np.nan)
  print (0.3 == 3 * 0.1)
  ​
  # 15.Create a 5x5 matrix with values 1,2,3,4 just below the diagonal
  A = np.diag(1+np.arange(4),k=-1)
  print A 
  ​
  # 16.Create a 8x8 matrix and fill it with a checkerboard pattern
  A = np.zeros((8,8),dtype=int)
  A[1::2,::2] = 1
  A[::2,1::2] = 1
  print A 
  ​
  # 17.Consider a (6,7,8) shape array, what is the index (x,y,z) of the 100th element
  print (np.unravel_index(100,(6,7,8)))   # unravel_index(): 将平面索引的平面索引或数组转换为坐标数组的元组
  ​
  # 18.Create a checkerboard 8x8 matrix using the tile function
  Z = np.tile( np.array([[0,1],[1,0]]), (4,4))
  print(Z)
  ​
  # 19.Normalize a 5x5 random matrix
  Z = np.random.random((5,5))
  Zmax, Zmin = Z.max(), Z.min()
  Z = (Z - Zmin)/(Zmax - Zmin)
  print(Z)
  ​
  # 20. Create a custom dtype that describes a color as four unsigned bytes (RGBA)
  color = np.dtype([("r", np.ubyte, 1),
                    ("g", np.ubyte, 1),
                    ("b", np.ubyte, 1),
                    ("a", np.ubyte, 1)])
  ​
  # 21.Multiply a 5x3 matrix by a 3x2 matrix (real matrix product)
  A = np.dot(np.ones((5,3)),np.ones((3,2)))
  print A 
  ​
  B = np.dot(np.ones((1,2)),np.ones((2,2)))
  print B 
  ​
  # 22.Given a 1D array, negate all elements which are between 3 and 8, in place.
  A = np.arange(11)
  A[(3 < A) & (A <= 8)] *= -1
  print A 
  ​
  # 23.What is the output of the following script?
  print (sum(range(5),-1))
  ​
  # 24.What are the result of the following expressions?
  print(np.array(0) / np.array(0))
  print(np.array(0) // np.array(0))
  print(np.array([np.nan]).astype(int).astype(float))
  ​
  # 25.How to round away from zero a float array ?
  Z = np.random.uniform(-10,+10,10)
  print (np.copysign(np.ceil(np.abs(Z)), Z))
  ​
  # 26.How to find common values between two arrays?
  A1 = np.random.randint(0,10,10)
  A2 = np.random.randint(0,10,10)
  print A1,A2
  print (np.intersect1d(A1,A2))
  ​
  # 27.How to ignore all numpy warnings (not recommended)?
  defaults = np.seterr(all="ignore")
  Z = np.ones(1) / 0
  _ = np.seterr(**defaults)
  ​
  with np.errstate(divide='ignore'):
      Z = np.ones(1) / 0
  ​
  # 28. Is the following expressions true? 
  # numpy.sqrt():按元素方式返回数组的正平方根
  print np.sqrt(-1) == np.emath.sqrt(-1)
  ​
  ​
  # 29. How to get the dates of yesterday, today and tomorrow?
  yesterday = np.datetime64('today', 'D') - np.timedelta64(1, 'D')
  today     = np.datetime64('today', 'D')
  tomorrow  = np.datetime64('today', 'D') + np.timedelta64(1, 'D')