STL学习2常用容器2.3deque

5.1 双向开口连续线性空间，可以在头尾两端分别做元素的插入（push_pront）与删除(pop

 

5.2 deque与vector最大的差异：1、deque允许使用常数项时间（以固定的步骤）对头端进行元素的插入与删除操作2、deque没有容器的概念，内部用中控器控制连续分段空间，可以随时增加一段新的空间进行拼接（vector需要进行一系列的扩容、复制、释放操作）

5.3 作业

   

5.4 所有程序

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include<deque>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<ctime>
using namespace std;
void printDeque(const deque<int>&d)
{
	//iterator 普通迭代器
	//reverse_iterator 反转迭代器
	//const_iterator 只读迭代器
	for (deque<int>::const_iterator it = d.begin(); it != d.end(); it++)
		cout << *it << " ";
	cout << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	deque<int>d;
	d.push_back(10);
	d.push_back(30);
	d.push_back(20);
	d.push_back(40);
	printDeque(d);
	deque<int>d2(10, 10);
	d.swap(d2);
	printDeque(d);

	if (d.empty())
	{
		cout << "d 为空 " << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "d 不为空——size= " << d.size() << endl;
	}

}

void test02()
{
	deque<int>d;
	d.push_back(10);
	d.push_back(20);
	d.push_back(30);
	d.push_back(40);
	d.push_front(100);
	d.push_front(200);
	printDeque(d);//200 100 10 20 30 40

	d.pop_back();//删除40
	d.pop_front();//删除200
	printDeque(d);//100 10 20 30

	cout << "第一个元素：" << d.front() << endl;
	cout << "最后一个元素：" << d.back() << endl;
	//插入
	d.insert(++d.begin(), 10000);
	printDeque(d);//100 10000 10 20 30
	//删除
	d.erase(++d.begin());
	printDeque(d);//100 10 20 30

	//删除区间
	d.erase(++d.begin(), --d.end());
	printDeque(d);//100 30
}
//作业 byself
class player 
{
private:
	string name;
	deque<double>score;
	double average;
public:
	player();
	player(string name,deque<double>sco);
	double aver() { return average; };
};
player::player()
{
	cout << "enter name: ";
	cin >> name;
	cout << "enter " << name << "'s score" << endl;
	double s_temple;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		cout << "enter score" << i + 1 << ": ";
		cin >> s_temple;
		score.push_back(s_temple);
	}
	sort(score.begin(), score.end());
	score.pop_back();
	score.pop_front();
	double sum=0;
	for (deque<double>::iterator it = score.begin(); it != score.end(); it++)
		sum = sum + *it;
	average = sum / score.size();
}
player::player(string na,deque<double>sco)
{
	name = na;
	score = sco;
	sort(sco.begin(), sco.end());
	score.pop_back();//去除最低分
	score.pop_front();//去除最高分
	double sum=0;
	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < score.size(); i++)
		sum = sum + sco[i];
	average = sum / score.size();
}

void test03()
{
vector<player>v;//创建5名选手
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		player temple;
		v.push_back(temple);
	}
	for (unsigned int i = 0;  i < v.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << "average score of player No." << i + 1 << ": "
			<< v[i].aver()<<endl;
	}
}

//作业 讲解
class Person
{
public:
	string m_name;
	int m_score;
	Person(string name, int score)
	{
		m_name = name;
		m_score = score;
	}
};

void creatPerson(vector<Person>&v)//一定要有引用传递
{
	string nameSeed = "ABCDE";
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		string name = "选手";
		name += nameSeed[i];//name=选手A/B....
		int score = 0;
		Person p(name, score);
		v.push_back(p);
	}
}
void setScore(vector<Person>&v)
{
	for (vector<Person>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
	{
		//有10个评委给每个人打分
		deque<int>d;//存放评委打分容器
		//评委打分
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
		{
			int score = rand() % 41 + 60;//产生60~100的随机数作为分数
			d.push_back(score);
		}
		cout << "选手" << it->m_name << "打分情况： " << endl;
		for (deque<int>::iterator dit=d.begin();dit!=d.end();dit++)
		{
			cout << *dit << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
		//打分排序
		sort(d.begin(), d.end());
		//删除最高分和最低分
		d.pop_back();//尾部最高分
		d.pop_front();
	
	//获取总分
	int sum = 0;
	for (deque<int>::iterator dit = d.begin(); dit != d.end(); dit++)
	{
		sum += *dit;
	}
	//获取平均分
	int avg = sum / d.size();
	//给选手赋值
	it->m_score = avg;
    }
}
void showScore(vector<Person>&v)
{
	for (vector<Person>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "姓名： " << it->m_name << " 分数： " << it->m_score
			<< endl;
	}
}
void test04()
{
	 //设置随机数种子
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	//1.存放选手容器
	vector<Person>v;
	//2.创建5名选手
	creatPerson(v);
	//3.打分
	setScore(v);
	//4.显示得分
	showScore(v);
}
int main()
{
	//test01();
	//test02();
	//test03();
	test04();
}