Maven在复杂项目下的依赖冲突，版本换绑方案

一、maven项目基础规范

        在maven项目中，较常用的规范是：

        1.使用父工程进行依赖版本管理

        2.将公用依赖抽取到common模块下；service相关依赖抽取到common子模块service中，而将例如log4j，lombok，javacsv等公用扩展依赖抽取到common子模块utils中，同时将其utils方法封装到utils源文件中。

        3.所有服务引入service，utils的依赖。

        服务单独需要的各种starter依赖，可以放在特定服务的pom下，但是注意：第一次加载，一定要将依赖加载到你注册web的那个服务下，否则虽然maven里面会显示依赖已加载，但是实际你新加入的依赖是没有被加入的。

举例：

项目结构如此

父工程pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.zdy</groupId>
    <artifactId>ai_ann_parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <name>ai_ann_parent</name>
    <description>ai_ann_parent</description>
    <modules>
        <module>case_data_location</module>
        <module>common</module>
        <module>common/service</module>
        <module>common/utils</module>
    </modules>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.2.1.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR10</spring-cloud.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.version>2.1.1</mybatis.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.10</lombok.version>
        <javacsv.version>2.0</javacsv.version>
    </properties>



    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- spring-boot-web -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-boot-dependencies -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- springCloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--nacos管理依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mysql驱动 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mybatis -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- log4j -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- lombok -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--javacsv-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>net.sourceforge.javacsv</groupId>
                <artifactId>javacsv</artifactId>
                <version>${javacsv.version}</version>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.zdy.ai_ann_parent.AiAnnParentApplication</mainClass>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

common的pom无依赖

service的pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.zdy</groupId>
        <artifactId>ai_ann_parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.dyingzhang</groupId>
    <artifactId>service</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- spring-boot-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--nacos配置管理依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mysql -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>




    </dependencies>

</project>

utils的pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.zdy</groupId>
        <artifactId>ai_ann_parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <groupId>com.dyingzhang</groupId>
    <artifactId>utils</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--javacsv-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.javacsv</groupId>
            <artifactId>javacsv</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

服务的pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.zdy</groupId>
        <artifactId>ai_ann_parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.dyingzhang</groupId>
    <artifactId>case_data_location</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- service -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dyingzhang</groupId>
            <artifactId>service</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- utils -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dyingzhang</groupId>
            <artifactId>utils</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--elasticsearch-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
                    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- es替换了的高级客户端所含组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.15.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.15.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.15.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

---

二、版本换绑

        1.首先，如果依赖与springboot有版本绑定，则需要到dependencies里查看版本号，在properties中将正确的版本声明加入

例如：springboot有如下依赖绑定

 其中，es版本位6.8.4，而这个版本通常来说是很低的，如果我们想更换7.15.2的es，则需要复制词版本标签至properties中

        2.如果不能正常换绑，则需要将其中的部分组件exluse，即使用excluesion标签取消，然后再将合适版本的组件加入（有时新版本的组件会更多，需要多加其他的组件，这时候可以问chatgpt）

以下是es版本换绑的记录；springboot版本：2.2.1RELEASE;elasticsearch版本：7.15.2（springboot2.2.1RELEASE默认注册6.8.4的es）

        <!--elasticsearch-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
                    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- es替换了的高级客户端所含组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.15.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.15.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.15.2</version>
        </dependency>