OSPF综合实验报告

题目要求：
1.R4为Isp，其上只能配置IP地址；R4与其他所有直连设备间使用公有IP；
2.R3-----R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点
3.整个OSPF环境地址为172.16.0.0/16
4.所有设备均可访问R4的环回
5.减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全
6.全网可达

第一步：在ensp上搭建出拓扑：

第二部：划分IP地址：
区域0：
172.16.64.0/21
172.16.72.0/21
172.16.80.0/21
172.16.88.0/21
区域1：
172.16.32.0/21
172.16.40.0/21
172.16.48.0/21
172.16.56.0/21
区域2：
172.16.96.0/21
172.16.104.0/21
172.16.112.0/21
区域3：
172.16.128.0/21
172.16.136.0/21
172.16.144.0/21
区域4：
172.16.160.0/21
172.16.168.0/21
172.16.176.0/21

 

第三步：配置:
1.首先配置区域0（MGRE环境）：
R4：

R3：

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.1.1.1 24
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R5：

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.1 24
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R6：

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.1 24
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R7：

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.1.1.1 24
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测试一下R4是否能ping通：

[r4]ping 45.1.1.1
  PING 45.1.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=160 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=90 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=60 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

[r4]ping 46.1.1.1
  PING 46.1.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=130 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=80 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=1 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=60 ms
    
[r4]ping 47.1.1.1
  PING 47.1.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=70 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

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2.接着给R3/5/6/7写缺省：
R3：

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.2
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R5：

[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.2
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R6：

[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.1.1.2
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R7：

[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.1.1.2
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测试一下：

[r3]ping 45.1.1.1
  PING 45.1.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 45.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms

[r3]ping 46.1.1.1
  PING 46.1.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=110 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=130 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=90 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=120 ms
    Reply from 46.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms

[r3]ping 47.1.1.1
  PING 47.1.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=70 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=110 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=70 ms
    Reply from 47.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=130 ms

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3.开始配置MGRE环境：
R3：

[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.252.0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
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R5：

[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.252.0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source 45.1.1.1
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-type p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.1.1.1 register
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R6:

[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.3 255.255.252.0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source 46.1.1.1
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-type p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.1.1.1 register
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R7:

[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.4 255.255.252.0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source 47.1.1.1
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-type p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.1.1.1 register
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测试一下能否ping通：

[r3]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.13.0.2
  PING 172.16.0.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=70 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms
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4.开始进行OSPF配置
将R9上的172.16.104.2宣告进OSPF1中：

[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.104.2 0.0.0.0
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将a4的其他接口宣告进ospf2中：

[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
[r9-ospf-2]area 0.0.0.4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.136.1 0.0.0.0

[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]area 0.0.0.4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.2 0.0.0.0
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.144.1 0.0.0.0
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在非法的ABR上进行多进程重发布：

[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 1
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将R12的RIP路由重发布进ospf区域内

[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]ver 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
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第四步：优化网络，尽量减少LSA更新量：
1.先汇总R3,R6,R7上的三类LSA:
R3:

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
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R6:

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
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R7:

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3 明细路由所在区域
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

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2.将5类和7类LSA进行汇总：
R9:

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
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R12:

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.192.0 255.255.224.0
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3.将区域1设置末梢区域
R1:

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
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R2:

[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
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R3:

[r3ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
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4.将区域2和区域3设置NSSA
区域二：
R6:

r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa no-summary
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R11:

[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
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R16:

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
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区域三：
R7:

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa no-summary
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R8:

[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
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R9:

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
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最后一步，环回
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 22 NULL 0 
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 22 NULL 0 
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 22 NULL 0 
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 22 NULL 0 
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.192.0 22 NULL 0
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完成！