帧动画内存OOM与SurfaceView逐帧解析

 帧动画内存OOM？不存在的！—— SurfaceView逐帧解析- https://juejin.im/post/5ccc1dcbe51d456e8b07ddf4
 play frame animation by SurfaceView. Get rid of OOM due to complex frame animation- https://github.com/wisdomtl/FrameSurfaceView/tree/master
 Android 提供了AnimationDrawable用于实现帧动画。在动画开始之前，所有帧的图片都被解析并占用内存，一旦动画较复杂帧数较多，在低配置手机上容易发生 OOM。即使不发生 OOM，也会对内存造成不小的压力。

- 原生帧动画AnimationDrawable
AnimationDrawable drawable = new AnimationDrawable();
drawable.addFrame(getDrawable(R.drawable.frame1), frameDuration);
drawable.addFrame(getDrawable(R.drawable.frame2), frameDuration);
drawable.addFrame(getDrawable(R.drawable.frame3), frameDuration);
drawable.addFrame(getDrawable(R.drawable.frame4), frameDuration);
drawable.setOneShot(true);

ImageView ivFrameAnim = ((ImageView) findViewById(R.id.frame_anim));
ivFrameAnim.setImageDrawable(drawable);
drawable.start();

 有没有什么办法让帧动画的数据逐帧加载，而不是一次性全部加载到内存？SurfaceView就提供了这种能力。
 为了显示一帧，需要经历计算和渲染两个过程，CPU 先计算出这一帧的图像数据并写入内存，然后调用 OpenGL 命令将内存中数据渲染成图像存放在 GPU Buffer 中，显示设备每隔一定时间从 Buffer 中获取图像并显示。

-- SurfaceView逐帧解析，自定义SurfaceView的模版代码：
public abstract class BaseSurfaceView extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
    public static final int DEFAULT_FRAME_DURATION_MILLISECOND = 50;
    //用于计算帧数据的线程
    private HandlerThread handlerThread;
    private Handler handler;
    //帧刷新频率
    private int frameDuration = DEFAULT_FRAME_DURATION_MILLISECOND;
    //用于绘制帧的画布
    private Canvas canvas;
    private boolean isAlive;

    public BaseSurfaceView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }

    protected void init() {
        getHolder().addCallback(this);
        //设置透明背景，否则SurfaceView背景是黑的
        setBackgroundTransparent();
    }

    private void setBackgroundTransparent() {
        getHolder().setFormat(PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);
        setZOrderOnTop(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        isAlive = true;
        startDrawThread();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        stopDrawThread();
        isAlive = false;
    }

    //停止帧绘制线程
    private void stopDrawThread() {
        handlerThread.quit();
        handler = null;
    }

    //启动帧绘制线程
    private void startDrawThread() {
        handlerThread = new HandlerThread("SurfaceViewThread");
        handlerThread.start();
        handler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper());
        handler.post(new DrawRunnable());
    }

    private class DrawRunnable implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (!isAlive) {
                return;
            }
            try {
                //1.获取画布
                canvas = getHolder().lockCanvas();
                //2.绘制一帧
                onFrameDraw(canvas);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                //3.将帧数据提交
                getHolder().unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
                //4.一帧绘制结束
                onFrameDrawFinish();
            }
            //不停的将自己推送到绘制线程的消息队列以实现帧刷新
            handler.postDelayed(this, frameDuration);
        }
    }
    
    protected abstract void onFrameDrawFinish();

    protected abstract void onFrameDraw(Canvas canvas);
}

- 逐帧解析 & 及时回收
public class FrameSurfaceView extends BaseSurfaceView {
    public static final int INVALID_BITMAP_INDEX = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    private List<Integer> bitmaps = new ArrayList<>();
    private Bitmap frameBitmap;
    private int bitmapIndex = INVALID_BITMAP_INDEX;
    private Paint paint = new Paint();
    private BitmapFactory.Options options;
    private Rect srcRect;
    private Rect dstRect = new Rect();

    public void setDuration(int duration) {
        int frameDuration = duration / bitmaps.size();
        setFrameDuration(frameDuration);
    }

    public void setBitmaps(List<Integer> bitmaps) {
        if (bitmaps == null || bitmaps.size() == 0) {
            return;
        }
        this.bitmaps = bitmaps;
        getBitmapDimension(bitmaps.get(0));
    }

    private void getBitmapDimension(Integer integer) {
        final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeResource(this.getResources(), integer, options);
        defaultWidth = options.outWidth;
        defaultHeight = options.outHeight;
        srcRect = new Rect(0, 0, defaultWidth, defaultHeight);;
    }

    public FrameSurfaceView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    @Override
    protected void init() {
        super.init();
        //定义解析Bitmap参数为可变类型，这样才能复用Bitmap
        options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inMutable = true;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
        dstRect.set(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
    }

    @Override
    protected int getDefaultWidth() {
        return defaultWidth;
    }

    @Override
    protected int getDefaultHeight() {
        return defaultHeight;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onFrameDrawFinish() {
        //每帧绘制完毕后不再回收
//        recycle();
    }

    public void recycle() {
        if (frameBitmap != null) {
            frameBitmap.recycle();
            frameBitmap = null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onFrameDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        clearCanvas(canvas);
        if (!isStart()) {
            return;
        }
        if (!isFinish()) {
            drawOneFrame(canvas);
        } else {
            onFrameAnimationEnd();
        }
    }

    private void drawOneFrame(Canvas canvas) {
        frameBitmap = BitmapUtil.decodeOriginBitmap(getResources(),
        //复用上一帧Bitmap的内存
        bitmaps.get(bitmapIndex), options);
        options.inBitmap = frameBitmap;
        canvas.drawBitmap(frameBitmap, srcRect, dstRect, paint);
        bitmapIndex++;
    }

    private void onFrameAnimationEnd() {
        reset();
    }

    private void reset() {
        bitmapIndex = INVALID_BITMAP_INDEX;
    }

    private boolean isFinish() {
        return bitmapIndex >= bitmaps.size();
    }

    private boolean isStart() {
        return bitmapIndex != INVALID_BITMAP_INDEX;
    }

    public void start() {
        bitmapIndex = 0;
    }

    private void clearCanvas(Canvas canvas) {
        paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR));
        canvas.drawPaint(paint);
        paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC));
    }
}