十二、Zuul路由网关
概述
什么是 Zuul
Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能:
其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上,是实现外部访问统一入口的基础,而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预,是实现请求校验,服务聚合等功能的基础。Zuul和Eureka进行整合,将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用,同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息,也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。
注意:Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka
提供:代理+路由+过滤三大功能!
Zuul能干嘛?
- 路由
- 过滤
官网文档: https://github.com/Netflix/zuul
使用
1.创建新的项目命名springcloud-zuul-9527
2.导入依赖
<dependencies>
<!--Zuul依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Hystrix依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Ribbon-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--eureka相关配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.buba</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.编写yml文件
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: springcloud-zuul #getwary
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka/,http://localhost:7002/eureka/,http://localhost:7003/eureka/
instance:
instance-id: zuul9527.com
prefer-ip-address: true
info:
app.name: buba-springcloud
company.name: blog.123.com
4.添加9527启动类
package com.buba.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulApplication_9527 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication_9527.class,args);
}
}
5.启动测试
- 访问http://localhost:8001/dept/get/1
- 访问http://192.168.137.1:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
- 访问http://192.168.137.1:9527/springcloud-provider-dept/dept/get/1
对比得知:客户端可以通过服务的名字访问到项目,这是很不安全的,所以…
6.强化yml 提升安全性!
zuul:
routes:
mydept.serviceId: springcloud-provider-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
ignored-services: springcloud-provider-dept #不能再使用这个路径访问了 ignored忽略
# ignored-services: "*" #隐藏全部的项目
prefix: /buba #设置公共的访问前缀
设置ignored-services禁用springcloud-provider-dept
设置prefix为buba 来作为公共的访问前缀
7.最终测试
- 访问http://192.168.137.1:9527/springcloud-provider-dept/dept/get/1
- 访问http://192.168.137.1:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
- 访问http://192.168.137.1:9527/buba/mydept/dept/get/1
- 测试成功!!!