a = {‘name’:‘gaoqi’,‘age’:18,‘job’:‘play’}
一、创建
1.通过{}和dict()来创建
a = {“name”:“renyoutong”,“age”:24,“job”:“play”}
a
{‘name’: ‘renyoutong’, ‘age’: 24, ‘job’: ‘play’}b = dict(name=“renyoutong”,age=24)
b
{‘name’: ‘renyoutong’, ‘age’: 24}c=[(“name”,“renyoutong”),(“age”,18)]
c
[(‘name’, ‘renyoutong’), (‘age’, 18)]
2.通过zip()创建
k = [‘name’,‘age’,‘job’]
v = [‘renyoutong’,24,‘play’]
d = dict(zip(k,v))
d
{‘name’: ‘renyoutong’, ‘age’: 24, ‘job’: ‘play’}
3.通过fromkeys创建值为空的字典
e = dict.fromkeys([‘name’,‘age’,‘job’])
e
{‘name’: None, ‘age’: None, ‘job’: None}
二、字典元素的访问
1.通过键访问
a[‘name’]
‘renyoutong’a[‘age’]
24
2.通过get() 访问
a.get(“name”)
‘renyoutong’a.get(“hh”)
a.get(“hh”,“no”)
‘no’
3.列出所有键值对/键/值
a.items()
a.keys()
a.values()
4.键值对的个数
a.len()
5. 检测键是否在字典中
“name” in a
三、字典元素添加、修改、删除
有则覆盖,无则新增
a
{‘name’: ‘renyoutong’, ‘age’: 24, ‘job’: ‘play’}a[“name”]=14
a
{‘name’: 14, ‘age’: 24, ‘job’: ‘play’}a[“hehe”]=1
a
{‘name’: 14, ‘age’: 24, ‘job’: ‘play’, ‘hehe’: 1}
删除:
del(a[“hehe”])
b = a.pop(“name”)
a.clear()