docker简单操作

1.运行hello-world image
docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
78445dd45222: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:c5515758d4c5e1e838e9cd307f6c6a0d620b5e07e6f927b07d05f6d12a1ac8d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://cloud.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

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2.查看docker版本
docker --version

Docker version 17.03.1-ce, build c6d412e

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3.查看本机注册的docker images
docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              48b5124b2768        4 months ago        1.84 kB

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4.查看docker上正在运行的进程
docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED
1fa4ab2cf395        friendlyhello       "python app.py"     28 seconds ago

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5.停止docker上正在运行的进程
docker stop CONTAINER_ID

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6.登录/登出 DockerHub
docker login

Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: silencecarrothu
Password:
Login Succeeded

docker logout

Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/

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7.构建时指定任意位置的Dockerfile文件(当前目录作为上下文)
docker build -f /path/to/a/Dockerfile .

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8.如果构建成功，您可以指定保存新映像的存储库和标记
docker build -t shykes/myapp .

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9.将一个版本的image标注为最新
docker build -t shykes/myapp:1.0.2 -t shykes/myapp:latest .

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10.Dockerfile format

# Comment
INSTRUCTION arguments

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11.Dockerfile Instruction

#FROM
FROM <image>
#or
FROM <image>:<tag>
#or
FROM <image>@<digest>

#RUN
RUN <command>
#or
RUN ["executable", "param1", "param2"]