1.ORM作业
from django.db import models
class Student(models.Model):
"""学生表"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
gender = models.SmallIntegerField()
class Meta:
db_table = 'student'
class Teacher(models.Model):
"""老师表"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class Meta:
db_table = 'teacher'
class Courser(models.Model):
"""课程表"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
teacher = models.ForeignKey('Teacher', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True)
class Meta:
db_table = 'courser'
class Score(models.Model):
student = models.ForeignKey('Student', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
courser = models.ForeignKey('Courser', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
number = models.IntegerField()
class Meta:
db_table = 'score'
1.1 作业
使用之前学到过的操作实现下面的查询操作:
1. 查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的id和平均成绩;
2. 查询所有同学的id、姓名、选课的数量、总成绩;
3. 查询姓“李”的老师的个数;
4. 查询没学过“李老师”课的同学的id、姓名;
5. 查询学过课程id为1和2的所有同学的id、姓名;
6. 查询学过“黄老师”所教的“所有课”的同学的id、姓名;
7. 查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的id和姓名;
8. 查询没有学全所有课的同学的id、姓名;
9. 查询所有学生的姓名、平均分,并且按照平均分从高到低排序;
10. 查询各科成绩的最高和最低分,以如下形式显示:课程ID,课程名称,最高分,最低分;
11. 查询没门课程的平均成绩,按照平均成绩进行排序;
12. 统计总共有多少女生,多少男生;
13. 将“黄老师”的每一门课程都在原来的基础之上加5分;
14. 查询两门以上不及格的同学的id、姓名、以及不及格课程数;
15. 查询每门课的选课人数;
1.2 作业答案
from django.shortcuts import render
from front.models import Student, Teacher, Courser, Score
from django.db.models import Avg, Count, Sum, F, Q
from django.db import connection
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
students = Student.objects.annotate(score_avg=Avg('score__number')).filter(score_avg__gt=60).values('id',
'score_avg')
for student in students:
print(student)
sql = connection.queries[-1]
return HttpResponse('查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的id和平均成绩SQL语句{}'.format(sql))
def index1(request):
students = Student.objects.annotate(score_count=Count('score__courser'), score_sum=Sum('score__number')).values(
'id', 'name', 'score_count', 'score_sum')
for student in students:
print(student)
sql = connection.queries[-1]
return HttpResponse('查询所有同学的id、姓名、选课的数量、总成绩{}'.format(sql))
def index2(request):
student = Student.objects.exclude(score__courser__teacher__name='李老师').values('id', 'name')
print(student)
return HttpResponse('查询没学过“李老师”课的同学的id、姓名')
def index3(request):
students = Student.objects.annotate(
nums=Count('score__courser', filter=Q(score__courser__teacher__name='黄老师'))).filter(
nums=Courser.objects.filter(teacher__name='黄老师').count()).values('id', 'name')
for student in students:
print(student)
return HttpResponse('查询学过“黄老师”所教的“所有课”的同学的id、姓名')
1.3 参考答案
1. 查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的id和平均成绩;
```python
rows = Student.objects.annotate(avg=Avg("score__number")).filter(avg__gte=60).values("id","avg")
for row in rows:
print(row)
```
2. 查询所有同学的id、姓名、选课的数、总成绩;
```python
rows = Student.objects.annotate(course_nums=Count("score__course"),total_score=Sum("score__number"))
.values("id","name","course_nums","total_score")
for row in rows:
print(row)
```
3. 查询姓“李”的老师的个数;
```python
teacher_nums = Teacher.objects.filter(name__startswith="李").count()
print(teacher_nums)
```
4. 查询没学过“黄老师”课的同学的id、姓名;
```python
rows = Student.objects.exclude(score__course__teacher__name="黄老师").values('id','name')
for row in rows:
print(row)
```
5. 查询学过课程id为1和2的所有同学的id、姓名;
```python
rows = Student.objects.filter(score__course__in=[1,2]).distinct().values('id','name')
for row in rows:
print(row)
```
6. 查询学过“黄老师”所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
```python
rows = Student.objects.annotate(nums=Count("score__course",filter=Q(score__course__teacher__name='黄老师')))
.filter(nums=Course.objects.filter(teacher__name='黄老师').count()).values('id','name')
for row in rows:
print(row)
```
7. 查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的id和姓名;
```python
students = Student.objects.exclude(score__number__gt=60)
for student in students:
print(student)
```
8. 查询没有学全所有课的同学的id、姓名;
```python
students = Student.objects.annotate(num=Count(F("score__course"))).filter(num__lt=Course.objects.count()).values('id','name')
for student in students:
print(student)
```
9. 查询所有学生的姓名、平均分,并且按照平均分从高到低排序;
```python
students = Student.objects.annotate(avg=Avg("score__number")).order_by("-avg").values('name','avg')
for student in students:
print(student)
```
10. 查询各科成绩的最高和最低分,以如下形式显示:课程ID,课程名称,最高分,最低分:
```python
courses = Course.objects.annotate(min=Min("score__number"),max=Max("score__number")).values("id",'name','min','max')
for course in courses:
print(course)
```
11. 查询每门课程的平均成绩,按照平均成绩进行排序;
```pyhon
courses = Course.objects.annotate(avg=Avg("score__number")).order_by('avg').values('id','name','avg')
for course in courses:
print(course)
```
12. 统计总共有多少女生,多少男生;
```python
rows = Student.objects.aggregate(male_num=Count("gender",filter=Q(gender=1)),female_num=Count("gender",filter=Q(gender=2)))
print(rows)
```
13. 将“黄老师”的每一门课程都在原来的基础之上加5分;
```python
rows = Score.objects.filter(course__teacher__name='黄老师').update(number=F("number")+5)
print(rows)
```
14. 查询两门以上不及格的同学的id、姓名、以及不及格课程数;
```python
students = Student.objects.annotate(bad_count=Count("score__number",filter=Q(score__number__lt=60))).filter(bad_count__gte=2).values('id','name','bad_count')
for student in students:
print(student)
```
15. 查询每门课的选课人数;
```python
courses = Course.objects.annotate(student_nums=Count("score__student")).values('id','name','student_nums')
for course in courses:
print(course)
```