【学习记录】编译安装GCC6.5

【学习记录】编译安装GCC6.5

编译image-builder时需要用到gcc6，而Ubuntu自带的gcc版本较高，所以尝试自行编译gcc6，做个记录

测试环境:WSL2 : Ubuntu18

下载gcc源码

可以选则在GNU官方镜像站下载，但比较慢，国内推荐其他镜像网站下载，比如清华源。

各个版本的gcc

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gcc

点击这里直接下载6.5.0版本👇

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-6.5.0/gcc-6.5.0.tar.xz

或者在终端运行

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-6.5.0/gcc-6.5.0.tar.xz
tar vxf gcc-6.5.0.tar.xz
cd gcc-6.5.0/

下载完成后直接解压准备编译安装，这个时候可以试着configure一下，发现缺少几个东西，分别是

GMP, MPFR, MPC

于是一个一个安装

configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.
Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify
their locations.  Source code for these libraries can be found at
their respective hosting sites as well as at
ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/.  See also
http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info.  If
you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package,
make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header
files.  They may be located in separate packages.

安装gmp，mpfr，mpc

如果没装这几个东西是不能成功配置的

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gmp/gmp-6.2.1.tar.bz2
tar vxf gmp-6.2.1.tar.bz2
cd gmp-6.2.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1
make -j8
sudo make install

这样gmp就装好了，接下来是mpfr

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
tar mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
cd mpfr-4.1.0/

这个时候先看一眼

./configure --help
(省略...)
Optional Packages:
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --with-gmp-include=DIR  GMP include directory
  --with-gmp-lib=DIR      GMP lib directory
  --with-gmp=DIR          GMP install directory
  --with-gmp-build=DIR    GMP build directory (please read INSTALL file)
  --with-mini-gmp=DIR     use mini-gmp (sources in DIR) instead of GMP
                          (experimental, please read doc/mini-gmp file)
  --with-mulhigh-size=NUM internal threshold table for mulhigh
  --with-pic[=PKGS]       try to use only PIC/non-PIC objects 
(省略...)

注意**–with-gmp=DIR**这个选项，我们要把之前装gmp的目录赋值给它，总结一下就是这样

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
tar vxf mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
cd mpfr-4.1.0/
./configure --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1 --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0
make -j8
sudo make install

最后安装mpc，注意要指定gmp和mpfr的安装路径，同样可以./configure --help来查看

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
tar vxf mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
cd mpc-1.2.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-1.2.1 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0
make -j8
sudo make install

编译gcc

最后回到gcc源码目录下，用./configure配置，注意指定gmp，mpfr，mpc的安装目录

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-6.5.0 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-4.1.0 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.2.1
make -j8
sudo make install

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