StringBuilder

前言

String类是不可变类，通过源码我们可以看到

public final class String
    implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequence {
    //用来存储字符串
    private final char value[];
    
}

value指向的是一个字符串数组，字符串中的字符就是用这个value存储，final修饰，但是String类中没有提供方法让我们去修改字符数组，而StringBuilder中提供了修改value的方法
下面分析StringBuilder可变及append方法分析

解析

定义StringBuilderDemo类

public class StringBuilderDemo extends AbstractStringBuilderDemo {


    public StringBuilderDemo() {
        //初始化数组容量大小
        super(16);
    }

    public  StringBuilderDemo append(String str){
        super.append(str);
        return this;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        // Create a copy, don't share the array
        return new String(value, 0, count);
    }
}

StringBuilderDemo父类

public abstract class AbstractStringBuilderDemo {

    char value[];

    int count;

    public AbstractStringBuilderDemo() {
    }

    public AbstractStringBuilderDemo(int capacity) {
        value = new char[capacity];
    }

    public AbstractStringBuilderDemo append(String str) {
        //不考虑字符串为空
        int len = str.length();
        //检查空间是否足够
        ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
        //把0-len位置的字符，添加到value字符，从count位置开始添加
        str.getChars(0, len, value, count);
        count += len;
        return this;
    }

    private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minimumCapacity) {
        //判断value数组容量是否足够，不够则扩容
        if (minimumCapacity - value.length > 0) {
            expandCapacity(minimumCapacity);
        }

    }

    private void expandCapacity(int minimumCapacity) {
        int newCapacity = value.length * 2 + 2;
        if (newCapacity - minimumCapacity < 0) {
            newCapacity = minimumCapacity;
        }
        if (newCapacity < 0) {
            if (minimumCapacity < 0) {
                throw new OutOfMemoryError();
            }
            newCapacity = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        }
        //调用Arrays类的copyOf()静态方法来创建一个新数组和拷贝原数据到新数组，并将value指向新数组
        value = Arrays.copyOf(value, newCapacity);
    }


}

测试类

public class TEST {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuilderDemo stringBuilderDemo = new StringBuilderDemo();
        StringBuilderDemo ss = stringBuilderDemo.append("ss");
        String s1 = ss.toString();
        System.out.println(s1);
    }


}

输出结果ss