CentOS7 安装 mysql5.6

1、卸载MariaDB

rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

2、卸载已有Mysql

卸载旧版本mysql

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

如果有，就使用上面卸载mariadb的命令进行卸载。

删除服务

systemctl list-unit-files --type=service | grep -i mysql

如果查找到mysql服务，使用下面的命令进行删除

chkconfig --del mysql

删除mysql分散的文件夹

[root@localhost ~]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/lib64/mysql

rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql

3、安装依赖

yum install perl

yum -y install autoconf

4、下载mysql并上传到服务器中

5、增加mysql用户组

检查mysql用户及组是否存在，如果没有执行下面命令

cat /etc/group |grep mysql

创建组

groupadd mysql

创建用户并把该用户加入到组mysql，这里的 -r是指该用户是内部用户，不允许外部登录

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

给用户mysql设置密码，需要输入2次

passwd mysql

6、安装

安装mysql

解压

tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 

安装mysql

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果出现如下错误

[root@localhost mysoft]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    net-tools is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64

需要安装net-tools

yum install net-tools

安装完，再次执行rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm命令

修改密码

查看mysql状态

[root@localhost mysoft]# service mysql status
 ERROR! MySQL is not running

如果是开启服务状态，用service mysql status关闭服务

绕过密码登录

[root@localhost mysoft]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
[1] 1522
[root@localhost mysoft]# Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
190528 17:25:33 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

登录

mysql -u root -p

要求输入密码，直接回车

切换数据库

use mysql  

查询用户

select Host,User,Password from user; 

修改密码

UPDATE user SET password=password("root") WHERE user='root'; 

退出

quit   

重启mysql服务

[root@localhost mysoft]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL..190528 17:30:50 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
 SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[1]+  Done                    mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking

-proot,p代表password,root是密码

mysql -u root -proot

第一次登录必须修改密码

mysql> set password = password('root');                                  
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

刷新权限

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

赋予任何主机访问数据的权限（远程访问）

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

刷新权限

mysql> flush privileges; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

退出 mysql

mysql> quit         
Bye

重启mysql

[root@localhost mysoft]# service mysql restart 
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

开放端口

查看firewall状态（runing:运行，not runing:没有运行），如果没有运行，用systemctl start firewalld启动

[root@localhost mysoft]# firewall-cmd --state 
running

添加3306端口

[root@localhost mysoft]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp  
success

重新加载firewall

[root@localhost mysoft]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

设置mysql开机启动

查看mysql服务

[root@localhost mysoft]# chkconfig --list mysql 

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysql              0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

开启MySQL服务自动开启命令

chkconfig mysql on

mysql集合重要目录

/var/lib/mysql 数据库文件
/usr/share/mysql 命令及配置文件
/usr/bin mysqladmin、mysqldump等命令