1. Rest入门
一句话形容REST:
增删改查都是一个地址,具体靠http头部信息判断。
获取:GET get?id=1 /order/1 ———–得到id=1 的order
增加:POST /order ————-新增order
更新(修改):PUT update?id=1 /order/1 ————- 修改id=1的order
删除:DELETE delete?id=1 /order/1————-删除id=1的order
如果想发出delete和put的请求?
1. 需要在web.xml中配置一个filter:
<!--配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter,可以从post请求转换成put,delete请求-->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
2.需要发送一个POST请求
3.需要在发送POST请求时携带一个name=”_method”的隐藏域,值为PUT或DELETE。
我们的index.jsp(用户提交信息的jsp视图页面):
<body>
<a href="test/1">test rest get</a>
<br><br>
<form action="test" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="test rest post">
</form>
<br><br>
<form action="test/1" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
<input type="submit" value="test rest delete">
</form>
<br><br>
<form action="test/1" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
<input type="submit" value="test rest put">
</form>
</body>
控制器如下:
@Controller
public class Success {
@RequestMapping(value = "/test/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("test rest get id="+id);
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/test" ,method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String testRestPost(){
System.out.println("test rest post");
return "success";
}
/*
* 一开始出现如下
* HTTP Status 405 - JSPs only permit GET POST or HEAD
* 发起的请求是个RESTFul风格的请求,调用了RESTFul风格的PUT方法。但是controller里
* 口,且JSP接口仅仅支持GET方法和POST方法。所以系统提示提示了这个错误。
* 为controller里的testRestPUT方法加上@ResponseBody()注解,并且返回一个字符串。
* 但加上ResponseBody是返回的json字符串,页面并没有转发到目标页面啊
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/test/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.PUT)
@ResponseBody()
public String testRestPut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("test rest put "+id);
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/test/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
@ResponseBody()
public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("test rest delete "+id);
return "success";
}
}
get请求的响应:
post请求的响应:
delete , put请求的响应:
2. 使用POJO(普通Java类)绑定请求参数值
思考一个问题:
如果我们要提交一个表单,这个表单比如是一个用户个人信息表,如果我们直接用@RequestParams去映射的话,会十分麻烦且不易维护;我们让表单对应一个POJO(普通Java类),Spring MVC 会按请求参数名和 POJO 属性名的变量名进行自动匹配,自动为该对象填充属性值。支持级联属性。
具体来说,就是input 的name属性对应Java类的属性变量名,在控制器的方法中能够接受到从用户提交的表单信息中抽象出来的类对象。如下所示:
在com.springmvc.entities包下定义好表单对应的类信息。
User类
package com.springmvc.entities;
/**
* Created by kaixin on 2018/8/26.
*/
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private Address address;
private int age;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", address=" + address +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
Address类
package com.springmvc.entities;
/**
* Created by kaixin on 2018/8/26.
*/
public class Address {
private String city;
private String street;
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
public void setStreet(String street) {
this.street = street;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address{" +
"city='" + city + '\'' +
", street='" + street + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
index.jsp的body部分:
<form action="testPOJO" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td>
<!--input 里面的value属性是默认值-->
<input type="text" name="username" value="kaixin">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password" value="99033188."></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>年龄:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age" value="20"></td>
</tr>
<!--级联属性,User有一个属性Address 变量名address -->
<tr>
<td>城市:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="address.city" value="city" ></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>街道:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="address.street" value="street"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="submit"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
处理请求的类中:
@RequestMapping(value = "/testPOJO" ,method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String testPojo(User user){
System.out.println("testPojo:"+user);
return "success";
}
3. 使用原生Servlet API作为入参
Handler 方法可以接受的ServletAPI 类型的参数
@RequestMapping("/testServletAPI")
public void testServletAPI(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
Writer out) throws IOException {
System.out.println("testServletAPI"+httpServletRequest+httpServletResponse);
out.write("hello");
}