c#--.net网络通信学习

一、服务端代码

1、创建服务端socket

 Socket serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

2、将ipv4地址转换为ipAddress对象，有两种方法：

第一种：IPAddress ipAddress = new IPAddress(new byte[] { 192, 168, 43, 163 });

第二种：IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");

3、将ip地址和端口号转换为IPEndPoint对象

IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 8088);

4、将ipEndPoint绑定到服务端Socket上

 serverSocket.Bind(ipEndPoint);

5、进行监听，10表示等待队列中最多容纳10个 请求

serverSocket.Listen(10);

6、进行接收，接收分为两种：同步接收和异步接收

第一种：同步接收（程序运行到这步阻塞）

Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();

第二种：异步接收（程序不会阻塞）

serverSocket.BeginAccept(AcceptCallBack,serverSocket);  //这个函数将serverSocet作为对象传递给过去

AcceptCallBack()是一个函数，注意，这个函数必须将IAsyncResult类型的变量作为参数，否则BeginAccept会报错

static void AcceptCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            Socket serverSocket = ar.AsyncState as Socket;      //ar.AsyncState表示ar接收到的socket
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.EndAccept(ar);
            string msg = "hello,你好\n";
            byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
            clientSocket.Send(data);
            clientSocket.BeginReceive(dataBuffer, 0, 1024, SocketFlags.None, ReceiveCallBack, clientSocket);
            serverSocket.BeginAccept(AcceptCallBack, serverSocket);   //调用自身，继续接受其他请求
        }

 static void ReceiveCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            Socket clientSocket = null;
           try
            {
                clientSocket = ar.AsyncState as Socket; //通过ar.AsyncState获取到Socket
                int count = clientSocket.EndReceive(ar); //count表示接收了多少字节
                if(count == 0)  //客户端关闭连接时服务端会无线循环收到0长度的字节，因此当收到0长度的字节时，关闭连接
                {
                    clientSocket.Close();
                    return;
                }
                string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(dataBuffer, 0, count);
                Console.WriteLine("从客户端接收到数据：" + msg);
                clientSocket.BeginReceive(dataBuffer, 0, 1024, SocketFlags.None, ReceiveCallBack, clientSocket); //循环回调
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e);
                if (clientSocket != null)
                    clientSocket.Close();
            }
            finally
            {
               
            }
        }