准备工作
在终端中输入pip install fake-useragent
来安装fake-useragent模块
待安装完成后进行下一步
启用随机更换UA功能
先打开middlewares.py文件,在其最后导入fake-useragent模块
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
class RandomUserAgentMidddlware(object):
def __init__(self, crawler):
super(RandomUserAgentMidddlware, self).__init__()
self.ua = UserAgent()
self.ua_type = crawler.settings.get('RANDOM_UA_TYPE', 'random')
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
return cls(crawler)
def process_request(self, request, spider):
def get_ua():
return getattr(self.ua, self.ua_type)
request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', get_ua())
然后打开settings.py文件,启用下载中间件并输入以下代码(xxx自己的项目名称)
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'xxx.middlewares.RandomUserAgentMidddlware': 543,
'xxx.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware': None,
}
RANDOM_UA_TYPE = "random"
保存后即开启随机更换UA功能。