69. Sqrt(x)

69. Sqrt(x)

Easy

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Given a non-negative integer x, compute and return the square root of x.

Since the return type is an integer, the decimal digits are truncated, and only the integer part of the result is returned.

Note: You are not allowed to use any built-in exponent function or operator, such as pow(x, 0.5) or x ** 0.5.

Example 1:

Input: x = 4
Output: 2

Example 2:

Input: x = 8
Output: 2
Explanation: The square root of 8 is 2.82842..., and since the decimal part is truncated, 2 is returned.

Constraints:

• 0 <= x <= 231 - 1

class Solution:
    def mySqrt(self, x: int) -> int:
        """
        assert Solution().mySqrt(5) == 2
        assert Solution().mySqrt(4) == 2
        assert Solution().mySqrt(8) == 2
        assert Solution().mySqrt(10000) == 100

        解题思路：题目不允许用现成的方法，且在二分专题里，考虑用二分折半不断尝试
        时间复杂度：O(logn)
        """

        def find(l: int, r: int) -> int:
            mid = int((l + r) / 2)
            if mid * mid <= x < (mid + 1) * (mid + 1) > x:
                return mid
            if mid * mid < x:
                return find(mid, r)
            else:
                return find(l, mid)

        return find(1, x)

方法一：袖珍计算器算法

方法二：二分查找

方法三：牛顿迭代

https://leetcode.cn/problems/sqrtx/solution/x-de-ping-fang-gen-by-leetcode-solution/