338. Counting Bits
Easy
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Given an integer n
, return an array ans
of length n + 1
such that for each i
(0 <= i <= n
), ans[i]
is the number of 1
's in the binary representation of i
.
Example 1:
Input: n = 2 Output: [0,1,1] Explanation: 0 --> 0 1 --> 1 2 --> 10
Example 2:
Input: n = 5 Output: [0,1,1,2,1,2] Explanation: 0 --> 0 1 --> 1 2 --> 10 3 --> 11 4 --> 100 5 --> 101
Constraints:
0 <= n <= 105
Follow up:
- It is very easy to come up with a solution with a runtime of
O(n log n)
. Can you do it in linear timeO(n)
and possibly in a single pass? - Can you do it without using any built-in function (i.e., like
__builtin_popcount
in C++)?
class Solution:
def countBits(self, n: int) -> List[int]:
"""
assert Solution().countBits(5) == [0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2]
assert Solution().countBits(2) == [0, 1, 1]
参考解题思路:动态规划和位运算求解,dp[i]代表i二进制有几个1,
若i二进制位结尾为0,则dp[i]=dp[i>>1],因为末尾是0了,1的个数与i算术右移一样
若i二进制位结尾为1,则dp[i]=dp[i-1]+1,因为末尾是1了,就是让i-1的二进制位1的个数加上现在末尾一个1
时间复杂度:O(n),空间复杂度:O(n)
"""
dp = [0] * (n + 1)
for i in range(1, n + 1):
dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + 1 if i & 1 else dp[i >> 1]
return dp